Mathematical Model for Decarburization of Ultra-low Carbon Steel in Single Snorkel Refining Furnace

You, Zhimin; Cheng, Guoguang; Wang, Xinchao; Qin, Zhe; Tian, Jun; Zhang, Jian

doi:10.1007/s11663-014-0182-0

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…V-volume, m 3 ; w Ã ϕ -mass concentration at equilibrium; k φ,s -mass transfer coefficient at free surface of vacuum chamber, k C,s ¼ 6.0 Â 10 À4 m s À1 and k O,s ¼ 4.5 Â 10 À4 m s À1 . [31] Reaction rate at inner site of vacuum chamber [4,29,35,40] dwϕ3…”

Section: Governing Equations Symbolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interfacial energy [N m À1 ] A r -molten steel 1.5 [45] CO-molten steel 1.8 [40] www.advancedsciencenews.com key parameters consist of the circulation flow rate (Q cir ) and the maximum fluid velocity (jũ m j max ). The position of jũ m j max in the five cases is above the nozzle in the up snorkel, and the maximum distance between two cases is only 17 mm in the 130 t RH.…”

Section: Molten Steel 7000mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between CO–Ar–Molten Steel Flow and Decarburization Reaction in Rheinstahl–Heraeus

Chen

Lei

Wang

2021

steel research int.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an effective tool to investigate the transfer phenomena in Rheinstahl-Heraeus (RH), which is a multifunctional vacuum refining reactor with various chemical reactions. However, the reported mathematical models, which are based on the assumption of steady Ar-molten steel flow, ignore the CO gas generated by the chemical reaction between carbon and oxygen in RH. Herein, Based on the algebraic slip model, a two-way coupling model (T-WCM) is developed to explore the unsteady fluid flow (CO-Ar-molten steel) and mass transfer phenomena during decarburization chemical reaction. The measured data from the water model experiment and the industrial experiment are used to validate the numerical results. The carbon mass concentration predicted by T-WCM is closer to the result from industrial experiment than that predicted by one-way coupling model (O-WCM). The mole number of CO gas is about 3 times that of argon gas injected into RH, and the stirring effect of CO gas leads to a more complicated multiphase flow, enhances the mass transfer and prompts the reaction rate. Therefore, the gas-liquid flow and decarburization process in RH can be described more precisely only when CO gas is considered by T-WCM.

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Section: Governing Equations Symbolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molten Steel 7000mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between CO–Ar–Molten Steel Flow and Decarburization Reaction in Rheinstahl–Heraeus

Chen

Lei

Wang

2021

steel research int.

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“…The size of CO bubbles can be determined by nucleation pressure ( PCO,S=2σCOrCO) (You et al , 2015).…”

Section: Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulent flow with nonequilibrium chemical reaction in single snorkel RH

Chen

Lei

Wang

et al. 2021

HFF

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Purpose The reported mathematical models of gas–liquid flow in single snorkel Rheinstahl–Heraeus (SSRH) are based on the assumption of steady Ar-molten steel flow. The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model to describe the unsteady turbulent flow (CO-Ar-molten steel) with nonequilibrium decarburization reaction. Design/methodology/approach On the base of the finite volume method, the computational fluid dynamics software CFX is used to predict the unsteady fluid flow, the spatial distributions of CO/argon gas and carbon element. The water model experiment and the industrial experiment are carried out to verify the mathematical models. Findings A two-way coupling model (T-WCM) based on algebraic slip model is developed to investigate the coupling phenomena. The related results show that T-WCM is more rigorous and accurate than one-way coupling model in predicting carbon content of molten steel. The amount of CO gas, which can enhance turbulent flow and mass transfer, is about three times the argon gas blown into SSRH. Originality/value CO gas is the key factor in investigating the transport phenomena. This study fully reveals the truth about the unsteady gas-liquid flow in SSRH. It is necessary to adopt T-WCM based on algebraic slip model to describe the CO-Ar-molten steel flow phenomenon.

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“…us, many researchers have developed physical [10,11,[17][18][19][20][21] or mathematical models [5,13,[22][23][24][25][26][27] to simulate the multiphase flow [13,22,[26][27][28][29], mixing phenomena [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][28][29][30][31], behavior of bubble and inclusion removal [22,30,32], and decarburization process [1,2,8,20,23,25,33,34] during the RH treatment. Based on the physical simulation experiment work of predecessors on circulation flow rate of RH, some empirical formulas are listed in Table 1, which includes the formulas put forward at the first time and excludes similar equations reported later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From equipment improvement view, many investigations have proved that a larger snorkel sectional area [24,26,29,38]blowing from the bottom of the vacuum chamber [15] or ladle [39] would favor to optimize the fluid flow of RH. Recently, many researchers have tried to increase the refining efficiency by using single-leg [12,28,31,40], multilegs [38,41], and magnetic field [42] imposed around the up-leg. However, the single-leg was hardly used in the actual industrial manufacture considering technical immaturity; meanwhile, multilegs and imposing magnetic field around snorkel were also hardly used in the actual industrial manufacture considering the cost issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Simulation on Molten Steel Flow Characteristics of RH Vacuum Chamber with Arched Snorkels

Ren

Luo

Meng

et al. 2020

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The RH vacuum refining technology is a vitally powerful method of producing clean steel. The inner diameter of traditional circular snorkel is very difficult to be increased owing to the metallurgical refractory thickness around the snorkels and the limitation of the area under the vacuum chamber, limiting the increase in refining efficiency. In order to improve the refining efficiency of the RH reactor, a new designed RH degasser with an optimized arched snorkel is established. This design replaces the traditional two circular snorkels structure with the two arched snorkels and greatly enhances the cross-sectional area of snorkel. In this study, the flow characteristics of this new type RH were studied and analyzed by establishing a 1 : 5.5 physical model of RH with arched snorkels. Results show that the circulation flow rate of RH with arched snorkels can increase by 100% ∼ 180% and the mixing time approximately decreases by 35% compared with RH with circular snorkels under actual production conditions. The circulation flow rate of RH with arched snorkels continues to increase obviously when gas flow rate exceeds the saturated value of RH with circular snorkels. The RH with arched snorkels can increase the refining efficiency significantly and has important application prospect.

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Mathematical Model for Decarburization of Ultra-low Carbon Steel in Single Snorkel Refining Furnace

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Interaction between CO–Ar–Molten Steel Flow and Decarburization Reaction in Rheinstahl–Heraeus

Interaction between CO–Ar–Molten Steel Flow and Decarburization Reaction in Rheinstahl–Heraeus

Turbulent flow with nonequilibrium chemical reaction in single snorkel RH

Physical Simulation on Molten Steel Flow Characteristics of RH Vacuum Chamber with Arched Snorkels

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