Mathematical model of a PEMFC using a PBI membrane

Cheddie, Denver; Munroe, Norman

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2005.08.002

Cited by 118 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This absence of a thin film model approach also explains the relatively thick catalyst layers and very low porosity used in previous reported models [15,16] in attempts to compensate for the thin film effects and to try to match the experimental data. Similarly, whilst most models used a value for the reaction order equal to one, values varied from 0.5 to 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A second one-dimensional model assumed the Tafel approximation to describe the electrode kinetics, with a transfer coefficient equal to 0.5 whilst the exchange current density was fitted to the polarisation curves using a least square error method leading to a reaction order for oxygen equal to 0.7 [16]. The simulated polarisation curve showed a better fit for air than for oxygen, where the model underestimated the performance at the higher current densities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model for Reformate Gas

Mamlouk

Sousa

Scott

2011

International Journal of Electrochemistry

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A one-dimensional model of a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell using polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes is described. The model considers mass transport through a thin film electrolyte covering the catalyst particles as well as through the porous media. The incorporation of a thin film model describing reactant gas mass transport through electrolyte covering the electrocatalyst is shown to be an essential requirement for accurate simulation. The catalyst interface is represented using a macrohomogeneous model. The influence of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, which would be present in a reformate gas, is considered in terms of the effect on the anode polarisation/kinetics behaviour. The model simulates the influence of operating conditions, cell parameters, and fuel gas compositions on the cell voltage current density characteristics. The model gives good predictions of the effect of oxygen and air pressures on cell behaviour and correctly simulates the mass transport behaviour of the cell. The model with reformate gas shows that additional voltage losses associated with CO poisoning can lead to loss in voltage of tens of mV and thus reduction in power.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model for Reformate Gas

Mamlouk

Sousa

Scott

2011

International Journal of Electrochemistry

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“…Fuel cells and related technologies have been developed with operating features such as little humidification [36], high CO tolerance [37], better heat utilization [38,39] and possible integration with fuel processing units [40,41]. Modelling has been carried out for PBI cells with respect to mass transport and polarization phenomena [42][43][44][45][46] as well as system dynamics and design [47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Acid-doped Polybenzimidazole Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,243

852

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. To achieve high temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), preferably under ambient pressure, acid-base polymer membranes represent an effective approach. The phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane seems so far the most successful system in the field. It has in recent years motivated extensive research activities with great progress. This treatise is devoted to updating the development, covering polymer synthesis, membrane casting, physicochemical characterizations and fuel cell technologies. To optimize the membrane properties, high molecular weight polymers with synthetically modified or N-substituted structures have been synthesized. Techniques for membrane casting from organic solutions and directly from acid solutions have been developed. Ionic and covalent cross-linking as well as inorganic-organic composites has been explored. Membrane characterizations have been made including spectroscopy, water uptake and acid doping, thermal and oxidative stability, conductivity, electro-osmotic water drag, methanol crossover, solubility and permeability of gases, and oxygen reduction kinetics. Related fuel cell technologies such as electrode and MEA fabrication have been developed and high temperature PEMFC has been successfully demonstrated at temperatures of up to 200• C under ambient pressure. No gas humidification is mandatory, which enables the elimination of the complicated humidification system, compared with Nafion cells. Other operating features of the PBI cell include easy control of air flow rate, cell temperature and cooling. The PBI cell operating at above 150• C can tolerate up to 1% CO and 10 ppm SO 2 in the fuel stream, allowing for simplification of the fuel processing system and possible integration of the fuel cell stack with fuel processing units. Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at 150-160• C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g. optimizing the thermal and chemical stability of the polymer, acid-base interaction and acid management, activity and stability of catalyst and more importantly the catalyst support, as well as the integral interface between electrode and membrane.

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“…Research conducted at the Center for Research and Powertrain Integration at Kettering University (1), also by numerous researchers (2) have shown PBI membranes to exhibit stable voltage output at steady state conditions. They are credited with faster electrochemical reactions by virtue of their high temperature operation (3). As a result, higher output power and energy density are obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Regression Analysis of High Temperature PBI Based PEMFC Performance

2009

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Abstract:Four factors are used to investigate the effect of temperature, pressure (of air and hydrogen) and current (load) on the output voltage (response variable) of a 45 cm 2 high temperature polybenzimidazole (PBI) based proton exchange membrane fuel cell. A statistical approach is introduced to obtain a good regression model to unravel the impact of these factor variables on the response variable. The validation of the model is achieved by using various comparison statistical tests applied upon the experimentally observed data. In most cases the results show a good agreement between hypotheses based on the early obtained experimental observations and this massive data approach. We conclude that there are a sufficiently large number of regression models which accurately predict the behavior of the cell within the range of variables tested and modeled.

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Mathematical model of a PEMFC using a PBI membrane

Cited by 118 publications

References 20 publications

A High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model for Reformate Gas

A High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model for Reformate Gas

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Regression Analysis of High Temperature PBI Based PEMFC Performance

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