Mathematical Model of Forecasting the Formation of Sinkhole Using Salustowicz’s Theory / Model Matematyczny Prognozowania Zapadlisk Przy Wykorzystaniu Teorii Sklepienia Ciśnień Sałustowicza

Strzałkowski, P.

doi:10.1515/amsc-2015-0005

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The model of the sinkhole formation process induced by shallow exploitation of various deposits has been discussed, among others, by [2][3][4][5][6][7][10][11]. The identification of voids and loosened zones from the point of view of geophysical investigations have been undertaken, among others, by [6,[8][9][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Model Of the Formation Sinkhole Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shallow subsurface voids and loosened zones of mining origin may be the cause of the activation of sinkhole processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, most sinkholes have dimensions of up to 3.0 m. The arithmetic mean of a sinkhole surface length amounts to 5.0 m, the minimum is 0.5 m and the maximum 17 m. Also, the mean surface width amounts to 3.6 m, the minimum width is 0.3 m and the maximum width 12 m [9]. [1,6]); [1] -conical sinkhole, [2] -truncated sinkhole, [3] -conical-cylindrical sinkhole, [4] -cylindricalconical sinkhole, [5] -bell sinkhole, [6] -cylindrical sinkhole, [7] -cuboid sinkhole, [8] -continuous syncline, [9] -discontinuous syncline, [10] -crack, [11] -fissure, [12] -fault deformation, [13] ditch, [14] -smoothed ditch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geophysical identification of voids and loosened zones in the shallow subsurface of post-mining areas

Pilecki

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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The shallow historic exploitation of Zn-Pb/Fe ore deposits as well as hard coal has generated many discontinuous deformations on the terrain surface in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin/Poland. Discontinuous deformations occur in different forms as sinkholes, synclines, cracks, faults or ditches. The basic cause of their occurrence is the presence of void and loosened zones in the shallow subsurface. If the appropriate conditions arise, the sinkhole process begins to move upwards and may cause a discontinuous deformation on the terrain surface. Typically, geophysical methods are used for void and loosened zone identification. The most effective methods are gravimetric, seismic, electric resistivity and ground penetrating radar (GPR). Geophysical testing, requires distinct changes in the physical properties in the rock mass. The identified geophysical anomalies should be verified by control borehole and borehole tests to confirm the presence of the void and loosened zones in the rock mass. The results of control drilling and borehole tests determine the need to apply treatment works. In order to assess the threat of the occurrence of discontinuous deformations in the areas of historical shallow mining in Upper Silesia, a classification system based on geophysical tests has also been developed.

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Section: Model Of the Formation Sinkhole Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shallow subsurface voids and loosened zones of mining origin may be the cause of the activation of sinkhole processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geophysical identification of voids and loosened zones in the shallow subsurface of post-mining areas

Pilecki

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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“…The underground exploitation of deposits often results in the formation of different types of discontinuous deformations which, depending on the depth of the drifts emerge in various forms also on the surface [1][2][3][4]. The condition of the occurrence of a sinkhole on the surface is the presence of the void where the roof is formed a pressure vault and its value is dependent on the width of the headings and the properties of the rocks [5][6][7][8]. The rock material is prone to fracturing and falling down, forming a rubble at the bottom of the void.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinkhole hazard in the post-mining area of Old Copper District, Lower Silesia, Poland

2019

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This study discusses the occurrence of sinkholes and the removal of their effects in the territory of the Old Copper District in the municipality of Lubków, Warta Bolesławiecka, located in the voivodeship of Lower Silesia. Three sinkholes appeared more than 25 years after mining activities ceased with the closure of the “Konrad” Mine of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. The sinkholes appeared in the former mining areas in the years 2017 - 2018: the first in the area of the Lubichów III shaft located in the municipality of Lubków - the downcast and transport shaft of the "Lubichów" and "Konrad" mines; the second in the area of Lubichów IVa in Lubków - the ventilation shaft of the "Lubichów" and "Konrad" mines; and the third in the area of the Lubichów IVa shaft - in the village of Lubków. The “Lubin” Mine of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. commissioned development of projects to mitigate the risk and to secure the areas and remove the dangers.

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“…The effectiveness of the subsurface treatment depends to a large extent on the correct recognition of the hazard degree in terms of the occurrence of discontinuous deformations on the terrain surface [1,[5][6]. Various methods are used for this purpose as part of geophysical and geological-engineering [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of geophysical methods for the subsurface treatment of the Piekary highway junction in shallow mining terrain

Pilecki

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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The study presents the application of geophysical methods in the subsurface treatment of the A-1 highway in the area of the Piekary junction in the terrain of historic zinc and lead ore mining, in the northern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland (USCB). The study area was under threat of discontinuous deformations, mainly sinkholes. This threat resulted from the shallow exploitation of zinc and lead ores, as well as contemporary exploitation of coal seams at greater depths. An original methodology of subsurface treatment has been developed as an adaptation to the geophysical measurement results. The methodology uses the gravimetric method at the initial and final control stages, as well as the seismic and borehole georadar methods during the detailed evaluation stage. The results of the study allowed different categories of sinkhole hazard to be determined in the area of the Piekary junction. The scope of the liquidation works was selected to match the hazard levels. Blasting of varying intensities and the borehole injection of the filling material were performed. The combination of substrate treatment methodologies and highway construction protection systems have proved to be effective.

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Mathematical Model of Forecasting the Formation of Sinkhole Using Salustowicz’s Theory / Model Matematyczny Prognozowania Zapadlisk Przy Wykorzystaniu Teorii Sklepienia Ciśnień Sałustowicza

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Geophysical identification of voids and loosened zones in the shallow subsurface of post-mining areas

Geophysical identification of voids and loosened zones in the shallow subsurface of post-mining areas

Sinkhole hazard in the post-mining area of Old Copper District, Lower Silesia, Poland

Application of geophysical methods for the subsurface treatment of the Piekary highway junction in shallow mining terrain

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