Mathematical Modeling for Prediction of Heating and Air-Conditioning Energies of Multistory Buildings in Duhok City

Abstract

Present endeavor is devoted to estimate the air-conditioning and heating energies or loads of modern buildings in Duhok City, Iraq using new mathematical models. Many parameters have been considered in current modeling, namely, area of building, number of storeys and types of the common materials of the building walls. Regression analysis is performed to formulate new mathematical linear and nonlinear models for the loads. In addition, Fuzzy logic is utilized in the third model employing Sugeno's regulation. The outcomes reveal that the reasonable matching is achieved between the proposed models and mechanical engineering analytical solutions of heating and air-conditioning standards. Consequently, high correlation coefficient as more than 85% is determined between the predicted values of the models and analytical results. The linear model shows perfect matching with the analytical outputs more than the other proposed mathematical formulations.

Residential Sizing of Solar Photovoltaic Systems and Heat Pumps for Net Zero Sustainable Thermal Building Energy

“…If PV systems are to also cover thermal loads, these have a great influence on the sizing of the PV [63]. Determining the amount of energy needed to provide thermal loads in buildings today is challenging as it depends on a variety of factors like the kind of construction materials and their coefficients of heat transfer, outside and indoor temperatures, humidity, the number of occupants, lightning, and human behavior all must be included [64,65]. In addition, the optimal sizing of the PV+HP system depends on various other parameters i.e., solar radiation, and variable solar electricity costs that are sensitive to initial costs of every component of the system.…”

Residential Sizing of Solar Photovoltaic Systems and Heat Pumps for Net Zero Sustainable Thermal Building Energy

“…If PV systems are to also cover thermal loads, these have a great influence on the sizing of the PV [64]. Determining the amount of energy needed to provide thermal loads in buildings today is challenging as it depends on a variety of factors like the kind of construction materials and their coefficients of heat transfer, outside and indoor temperatures, humidity, the number of occupants, lightning and human behavior [65,66]. In addition, the optimal sizing of the PV+HP system depends on various other parameters i.e., solar radiation, and variable solar electricity costs that are sensitive to initial costs of every component of the system.…”