Mathematical Modeling of a Porous Enzymatic Electrode with Direct Electron Transfer Mechanism

Thi, Quynh Nga Do; Varničić, Miroslava; Hanke‐Rauschenbach, Richard; Vidaković‐Koch, Tanja; Sundmacher, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.031

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Analytical [32][33][34][35] and Numerical [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] modeling are useful, although arguably underutilized, tools for understanding enzymatic biofuel cell operational mechanisms. In an effort to better understand CNT-related limitations in enzymatic biofuel cell electrodes, especially those using DET, we built a series of prototypes and simulations that are reported herein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Carbon Nanotube Connectivity and Surface Activity in a Contact Lens Biofuel Cell

Reid

Jones

Hickey

et al. 2016

Electrochimica Acta

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Biofuel cells are often limited by the current density produced by the cathode; this is especially true when such fuel cells are scaled down to fit a desired application. Herein, we created a computational model to examine the effects of carbon nanotube (CNT) connectivity and surface activity on the current density of a biofuel cell cathode. The model was motivated by the creation of a novel contact lens biofuel cell that, although more stable and biocompatible than previously reported designs, was cathode limited.The device produced a maximum current density of 22 ± 4 µA cm -2 , and a maximum power density of 2.4 ± 0.9 µW cm -2 (at 0.163 V) with an open-circuit voltage of 0.44 ± 0.08 V. Computational results showed that in a Nafion film containing 1.6% CNTs by volume, less than 20% of the CNT fibers were connected to the electrode, assuming a planar electrode. The simulations predicted that a three-fold increase in CNT loading would lead to a roughly two-fold increase in total CNT connectivity. The simulations further estimated that for the CNTs connected to the electrode, only 21% of their sidewalls were contributing to cathodic current, meaning that the remaining surfaces were not electrochemically active. Given the low bilirubin oxidase (BOD) enzyme surface concentration, which was experimentally found to be 1.24 x 10 -13 mol cm -2 , it is likely that large portions of the CNT surfaces are not connected to enzymes. This result validates the push by the research community to increase BOD and laccase adsorption/orientation to CNT surfaces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Carbon Nanotube Connectivity and Surface Activity in a Contact Lens Biofuel Cell

Reid

Jones

Hickey

et al. 2016

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The analysis points out an additional problem of electroenzymatic process, which is related to enzyme utilization in enzymatic electrodes. Based on our calculations, the enzyme utilization in the enzymatic electrodes is very low [53]; only ca. 0.01% can be considered active.…”

Section: Process Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Selectivity and Sustainability of Electroenzymatic Process for Glucose Conversion to Gluconic Acid

et al. 2020

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Electroenzymatic processes are interesting solutions for the development of new processes based on renewable feedstocks, renewable energies, and green catalysts. High-selectivity and sustainability of these processes are usually assumed. In this contribution, these two aspects were studied in more detail. In a membrane-less electroenzymatic reactor, 97% product selectivity at 80% glucose conversion to gluconic acid was determined. With the help of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, two main side products were identified. The yields of D-arabinose and formic acid can be controlled by the flow rate and the electroenzymatic reactor mode of operation (fuel cell or ion-pumping). The possible pathways for the side product formation have been discussed. The electroenzymatic cathode was found to be responsible for a decrease in selectivity. The choice of the enzymatic catalyst on the cathode side led to 100% selectivity of gluconic acid at somewhat reduced conversion. Furthermore, sustainability of the electroenzymatic process is estimated based on several sustainability indicators. Although some indicators (like Space Time Yield) are favorable for electroenzymatic process, the E-factor of electroenzymatic process has to improve significantly in order to compete with the fermentation process. This can be achieved by an increase of a cycle time and/or enzyme utilization which is currently low.

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“…The crucial role in the efficiency and operation stability of specified FC types play the supply of substrate to the catalyst and removal of reaction products [106,107]. As it was shown in [31], optimization of the cell design and its hydraulic control potentially can offer some power increase and lead to a reduction of its weight and size characteristics;…”

Section: Mfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergy Based Power Sources for Mobile Autonomous Robots

et al. 2018

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This paper presents the problem of application of modern developments in the field of bio-energy for the development of autonomous mobile robots' power sources. We carried out analysis of biofuel cells, gasification and pyrolysis of biomass. Nowadays, very few technologies in the bioenergy field are conducted with regards to the demands brought by robotics. At the same time, a number of technologies, such as biofuel cells, have now already come into use as a power supply for experimental autonomous mobile robots. The general directions for research that may help to increase the efficiency of power energy sources described in the article, in case of their use in robotics, are also presented.

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Mathematical Modeling of a Porous Enzymatic Electrode with Direct Electron Transfer Mechanism

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Modeling Carbon Nanotube Connectivity and Surface Activity in a Contact Lens Biofuel Cell

Modeling Carbon Nanotube Connectivity and Surface Activity in a Contact Lens Biofuel Cell

Selectivity and Sustainability of Electroenzymatic Process for Glucose Conversion to Gluconic Acid

Bioenergy Based Power Sources for Mobile Autonomous Robots

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