Mathematical Modeling of Inverse Miniemulsion Polymerization of Acrylamide with an Oil-Soluble Initiator

Abstract

A model is proposed for the inverse miniemulsion polymerization of acrylamide (AAm) with an oil-soluble initiator. The model is based on the assumptions that (1) polymerization occurs in both the continuous phase and the polymer particles; (2) the radicals in the continuous phase with length that exceeds z crit can enter the monomer droplets; (3) a limited number of radicals can exist inside the polymer particles; (4) small radicals can exit the polymer particles; and (5) propagation is diffusion-controlled at high conversions. The model predictions of conversion, particle number, and the occurrence of a diffusion-controlled propagation reaction at high conversions were validated by comparison with experimental data for inverse miniemulsion polymerization, showing good agreement. The occurrence of diffusion-controlled propagation ("glass effect") at high conversions is also discussed and additionally validated with literature data.

Influence of Alkyl Chain Length on the Performance of Inverse Emulsion Polyacrylamide Fracturing Fluid Thickeners

“…Moreover, the product obtained through this method exhibits an emulsion-like nature, facilitating swift dissolution and thickening in water. Consequently, an increasing number of scholars are utilizing the inverse emulsion method for the preparation of polyacrylamide fracturing fluid. − Furthermore, the incorporation of functional monomers into the polymer enables customization according to the actual formation environment, expanding the range of applications for the polymer solution. However, inverse emulsion polymerization imposes stringent demands on emulsion stability.…”