Mathematical Modeling of the Coinfection Dynamics of Malaria-Toxoplasmosis in the Tropics

Abstract

Coinfection by Plasmodium species and Toxoplasma gondii in humans is widespread, with its endemic impact mostly felt in the tropics. A mathematical model is formulated as a first-order nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations to describe the coinfection dynamics of malariatoxoplasmosis in the mainly human and feline susceptible host population in tropical regions. Comprehensive mathematical techniques are applied to show that the model system is bounded, positive and realistic in an epidemiological sense. Also, the basic reproduction number (R omt ) of the coinfection model is obtained. It is shown that if R omt < 1, the model system at its malaria-toxoplasmosis absent equilibrium is both locally and globally asymptotically stable. The impact of toxoplasmosis and its treatment on malaria, and vice versa, is studied and analyzed. Sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the impact of the model system parameters on the reproduction number of the transmission of malaria-toxoplasmosis coinfection. Simulations and graphical illustrations were made to validate the results obtained from the theoretical model.

Stability Analysis of the Disease Free Equilibrium of Malaria, Dengue and Typhoid Triple Infection Model

“…Ogunmiloro [2] considered a mathematical model of malaria-toxoplasmosis co-infection dynamics. The analysis shows that the model is locally and globally stable, sensitivity analysis revealed that the spread malaria-toxoplasmosis can be achieved via the availability of treated bed nets, proper environmental sanitation, availability of drugs etc.…”

“…Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasite, spread through the bites of an infected female Anopheles mosquito [1,2]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the estimated…”

Dynamics of Toxoplasmosis Disease in Cats population with vaccination

“…Three regional conditions were obtained through this analysis, showing the dynamics of the toxoplasmosis epidemic of these two important parameters with each interpretation of the bifurcation region. The widespread of co-infection by Plasmodium species and Toxoplasma gondii in humans mostly in the tropical region motivated Ogunmiloro to study the co-infection dynamics of malaria-toxoplasmosis in the mainly human and feline susceptible host population in [18]. The analysis showed that malaria-toxoplasmosis infection free equilibrium is locally and globally stable if the basic reproduction number is less than unity.…”

Design, Analysis and Comparison of a Nonstandard Computational Method for the Solution of a General Stochastic Fractional Epidemic Model

“…In 2019, Song et al introduced a malaria-dynamics mathematical model [9]. In turn, Ogunmiloro presented a model to simulate the infectivity of plasmodium and toxoplasma [10]; Koutou et al proposed an ELPA model to study the relationship of malaria with mosquito population [11]; and Bakary et al suggested a model to analyze the impact of frequent biting of mosquitoes and blood transfusions [12].…”