Mathematical Modelling of Titanium Hydride Formation from Titanium Tetrachloride with Magnesium Hydride using Matlab

Udayakumar, Sanjith; Sadaqi, Atif; Ibrahim, Nor Rosidah; Fauzi, M.N. Ahmad; Ramakrishnan, Sivakumar; Rezan, Sheikh Abdul

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1082/1/012037

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Basically, in P H 2 ≥ 1 atm and very low amount of P Cl 2 , TiH 2 was a predominant phase. Previous work by Udayakumar et al [54,55] in producing TiH 2 in an inert atmosphere showed a low yield and validating this thermodynamics analysis.…”

Section: Componentsupporting

confidence: 71%

Synthesis of Ti Powder from the Reduction of TiCl4 with Metal Hydrides in the H2 Atmosphere: Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses

et al. 2021

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Titanium hydride (TiH2) is one of the basic materials for titanium (Ti) powder metallurgy. A novel method was proposed to produce TiH2 from the reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) with magnesium hydride (MgH2) in the hydrogen (H2) atmosphere. The primary approach of this process is to produce TiH2 at a low-temperature range through an efficient and energy-saving process for further titanium powder production. In this study, the thermodynamic assessment and technoeconomic analysis of the process were investigated. The results show that the formation of TiH2 is feasible at low temperatures, and the molar ratio between TiCl4 and metal hydride as a reductant material has a critical role in its formation. Moreover, it was found that the yield of TiH2 is slightly higher when CaH2 is used as a reductant agent. The calculated equilibrium composition diagrams show that when the molar ratio between TiCl4 and metal hydrides is greater than the stoichiometric amount, the TiCl3 phase also forms. With a further increase in this ratio to greater than 4, no TiH2 was formed, and TiCl3 was the dominant product. Furthermore, the technoeconomic study revealed that the highest return on investment was achieved for the production scale of 5 t/batch of Ti powder production, with a payback time of 2.54 years. The analysis shows that the application of metal hydrides for TiH2 production from TiCl4 is technically feasible and economically viable.

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Section: Componentsupporting

confidence: 71%

Synthesis of Ti Powder from the Reduction of TiCl4 with Metal Hydrides in the H2 Atmosphere: Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses

et al. 2021

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“…at lower temperatures. This is the main reason why there was a need to carry out the reduction process in the presence of H 2 atmosphere instead of inert atmosphere like previous studies [22,23] to facilitate the reduction process. Gibbs minimization diagrams were developed to study the possible phase formation with the change in molar ratio of The stoichiometric molar ratio for the TiCl 4 to MgH 2 was 1:2 according to Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the nature of processes which use TiCl 4 is liquid to solid process and the morphology and particle size control are very challenging in this condition [16]. As a result the authors proposed an optimized method to improve the Kroll process via low temperature chlorination [18][19] and electrochemical reduction via TiS 2 [20] and use the obtained TiCl 4 as precursor to produce TiH 2 powder from the reduction process with metal hydrides at lower temperature with gas-solid reaction [21][22][23]. Hydrogen can then be easily removed from TiH 2 through a simple heat treatment in vacuum or inert atmosphere, thereby leaving pure Ti with extremely low levels of oxygen and hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the elevated temperature of reduction step is still affecting the titanium production costs. The authors' proposed method [21][22][23] was carried out at lower temperature range in order to produce low cost titanium powder. In this study the TiCl 4 is reduced to TiH 2 with ball milled MgH 2 under hydrogen atmosphere at temperature range 250 -350°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic Investigation of Titanium Hydride Formation from Reduction of Titanium (Ⅳ) Chloride with Magnesium Hydride in Presence of Hydrogen Atmosphere

et al. 2020

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Thermodynamic assessment and experimental investigation for formation of titanium hydride (TiH2) from reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) with magnesium hydride (MgH2) were carried out under hydrogen atmosphere. In this method, TiH2 production at low temperature was investigated, which can be used for further dehydrogenation process in titanium powder metallurgy. The effects of temperature, time, amount of titanium trifluoride (TiF3) as catalyst, and ball milling time of MgH2 on reduction process were evaluated. The range of each parameters were set to 250-350°C for temperature, 2-4 hr for reaction time, 4-10 wt% for TiF3, and 1-2 hr for ball milling time. The phase transformations after reduction process were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyziz. The morphology of powders was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that titanium trichloride (TiCl3) was formed as major product in experiments for the above conditions. However, with increasing the reaction time above 10hr, characterization study of the final products confirmed the formation of TiH2 as major product. Our findings indicated that producing of TiH2 from reduction of TiCl4 with MgH2 at low temperature was feasible and could lead to low cost synthesis method for TiH2 for titanium powder production.

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Characterization of TiH2 Powders Produced from TiCl4-MgH2 Reactions under Hydrogen Atmosphere

Ardani

Rezan

Lee

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Mathematical Modelling of Titanium Hydride Formation from Titanium Tetrachloride with Magnesium Hydride using Matlab

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Synthesis of Ti Powder from the Reduction of TiCl4 with Metal Hydrides in the H2 Atmosphere: Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses

Synthesis of Ti Powder from the Reduction of TiCl4 with Metal Hydrides in the H2 Atmosphere: Thermodynamic and Techno-Economic Analyses

Thermodynamic Investigation of Titanium Hydride Formation from Reduction of Titanium (Ⅳ) Chloride with Magnesium Hydride in Presence of Hydrogen Atmosphere

Characterization of TiH2 Powders Produced from TiCl4-MgH2 Reactions under Hydrogen Atmosphere

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