Mathematical models of human cerebellar development in the fetal period

Dudek, Krzysztof; Nowakowska-Kotas, Marta; Kędzia, Alicja

doi:10.1111/joa.12767

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The study excluded fetuses with visible developmental malformations and those that did not have complete clinical documentation. The reliability and scientific value of the collection used for research have been confirmed in many previously published studies (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Basic data of the studied fetus population have been presented in Table (Table I).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Musculus peroneus longus in foetal period

2022

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The lateral compartment of the leg, due to its distal and concurrent superficial positioning, is a multiple trauma site. Detailed knowledge of compartimentum lateralis cruris (CLC) structure is crucial for physicians. Musculus peroneus longus (MPL) is located within the structures of the CLC the most superficially. There is a lot of data on the morphology of the MPL but there is no publication analysing in detail its anatomy in the foetal period. The aim of the study was to determine the variability of metric and morphological parameters of MPL in a studied period of prenatal ontogenesis. The analysis included 207 human fetuses (101 males and 106 females)) at calendar age from 113 to 222 days The analysed material comes from the local anatomy collection.Fetuses were stored in a typical preservation solutions. Access to the muscle was obtained on the basis of standard preparation techniques. The authors evaluated the metric parameters of the muscle showing the presence of variable dynamics of metric increments of the examined muscle in particular age classes. In the studied period of prenatal ontogenesis, the features of MPL increase by about 60% in the length and width dimension and by about 100% in the thickness dimension The topography of the initial and final muscle attachment was also evaluated. Statistically significant dimorphic differences were found in some aspects of muscle attachment topography.The analysis of the place of the origin and insertion of MPL showed a relatively large variety of these features.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Musculus peroneus longus in foetal period

2022

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“…Fetuses with visible developmental malformations and those that did not have complete clinical documentation were excluded from the study. The value of the fetal collection was confirmed in numerous previously published scientific studies (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33). The scientific experience of the team has been confirmed in many works using anatomical scientific methodology and anatomical techniques used for statistical analysis (34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…While these branches are fascinating for anatomists, they are also of great clinical importance. Their unusual localization may lead to unpredictable complications, especially as it is likely that, in addition to the sensory fibers, they may also conduct motor fibers to musculus peroneus tertius (29) or musculus extensor digitorum brevis (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the common fibular nerve terminal division in human foetuses

2022

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Background:The progress of pediatric surgery and increasingly better diagnosis of fetal defects require detailed knowledge of human developmental anatomy. Precise knowledge of the anatomy of innervation of the lower extremities corresponds to this subject and is not only cognitive but also clinically important. The end of the common fibular nerve is superficially located in the area exposed to frequent injuries as well as in the area subject to possible surgical repair procedures. Materials and methods:The analysis was carried out on 200 human foetuses aged from the 113 th day to 222 nd day of foetal life. The study material is a part of local fetal collection. The study incorporated the following methods: anthropological, preparational and image acquisition which was acquired with the use of high-resolution digital camera. Statistical analysis was carried out with the use of STATISTICA package. Results:Based on the research results the new typology of the examined nerve was determined. The head of the fibula was the criterion: (i) high divisionabove the head of the fibula (1%); (ii) intermediate divisionat the height of the head of the fibula (34%); (iii) low divisionbelow the head of the fibula (65%). The mathematical analysis did not reveal statistically significant bilateral and gender differences. Moreover the additional branch was observed in 30% of fetuses, regardless of age class. This branch occurred in 50% of cases in both sides of the fetus. This nerve was defined as the accessory fibular nerve (nervus fibularis/peroneus accessorius). Conclusions:The created unique typology of the terminal division of common fibular nerve is an important supplement to the anatomical knowledge and at the same time, due to the peripheral and superficial location of the described structures, it has a relatively high clinical significance.

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“…The value and credibility of the fetal collection has been confirmed in many scientific papers [15,16,[23][24][25][26]. The basic characteristics of the study material are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The results of the measurements were analyzed statistically on the basis of Statistica PL statistical package (Statsoft, Tulsa, USA). The statistical analysis was carried out by an experienced statistician with high mathematical skills documented and confirmed in previous analyses [23,30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphometrical and topographical evaluation of the superior gluteal nerve in the prenatal period

et al. 2022

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Introduction Advances in medical science are helping to break down the barriers to surgery. In the near future, neonatal or in utero operations will become the standard for the treatment of defects in the human motor system. In order to carry out such procedures properly, detailed knowledge of fetal anatomy is necessary. It must be presented in an attractive way not only for anatomists but also for potential clinicians who will use this knowledge in contact with young patients. This work responds to this demand and presents the anatomy of the superior gluteal nerve in human fetuses in an innovative way. The aim of this work is to determine the topography and morphometry of the superior gluteal nerve in the prenatal period. We chose the superior gluteal nerve as the object of our study because of its clinical significance—for the practice of planning and carrying out hip surgery and when performing intramuscular injections. Material and methods The study was carried out on 40 human fetuses (20 females and 20 males) aged from 15 to 29 weeks (total body length v-pl from 130 to 345 mm). Following methods were used: anthropological, preparatory, image acquisition with a digital camera, computer measurement system Scion for Windows 4.0.3.2 Alpha and Image J (accuracy up to 0.01 mm without damaging the unique fetal material) and statistical methods. Results The superior gluteal nerve innervates three physiologically significant muscles of the lower limb’s girdle: gluteus medius muscle, gluteus minimus muscle and tensor fasciae latae muscle. In this study the width of the main trunk of the nerve supplying each of these three muscles was measured and the position of the nerve after leaving the suprapiriform foramen was observed. A unique typology of the distribution of branches of the examined nerve has been created. The bushy and tree forms were distinguished. There was no correlation between the occurrence of tree and bushy forms with the body side (p > 0.05), but it was shown that the frequency of the occurrence of the bushy form in male fetuses is significantly higher than in female fetuses (p < 0.01). Proportional and symmetrical nerve growth dynamics were confirmed and no statistically significant sexual dimorphism was demonstrated (p > 0.05). Conclusions The anatomy of the superior gluteal nerve during prenatal period has been determined. We have identified two morphological forms of it. We have observed no differences between right and left superior gluteal nerve and no sexual dimorphism. The demonstrated high variability of terminal branches of the examined nerve indicates the risk of neurological complications in the case of too deep intramuscular injections and limits the range of potential surgical interventions in the gluteal region. The above research may be of practical importance, for example for hip surgery.

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Mathematical models of human cerebellar development in the fetal period

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Musculus peroneus longus in foetal period

Musculus peroneus longus in foetal period

Topography of the common fibular nerve terminal division in human foetuses

The morphometrical and topographical evaluation of the superior gluteal nerve in the prenatal period

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