“…Mathematics achievement has relatively slightly higher correlations with nativist conceptions (including confidence and anxiety (reverse), 0.49) and objectivist conceptions (including academic goal and perseverance, 0.38). Past studies have consistently indicated that abilityrelated beliefs (e.g., confidence, self-concept, and self-efficacy) have a reliable relationship with achievement (Juter, 2005;Lokan & Greenwood, 2000;Marsh & Hau, 2004;Meyer & Koehler, 1990;Pietsch, Walker & Chapman, 2003;Pintrich & De Groot, 1990;Seegers & Boekaerts, 1996;Zimmerman, 1995). Mathematics anxiety was generally negatively related to achievement (Clute, 1984;Ho et al, 2000) and confidence (Turner, Thorpe, & Meyer, 1998;Meece, Wigfield & Eccles, 1990).…”