Mating and immunity in invertebrates

Lawniczak, Mara; Barnes, Andrew I; Linklater, Jon R.; Boone, James M.; Wigby, Stuart; Chapman, Tracey

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2006.09.012

Cited by 229 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…This ob- servation would have important implications for genetic vector control strategies such as SIT, because the evolution of polyandry would likely hamper their success (25). The lack of multiple mating in mosquitoes might also explain the absence of a mating-induced immune response in our study, because immune responses associated with protection against sexually transmitted diseases, cryptic female choice, and sperm competition (26) are not likely in monandrous species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Molecular and cellular components of the mating machinery in Anopheles gambiae females

Rogers

Whitten

Thailayil

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

148

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Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are the principal vectors of malaria. A major determinant of the capacity of these mosquitoes as disease vectors is their high reproductive rate. Reproduction depends on a single insemination, which profoundly changes the behavior and physiology of females. To identify factors and mechanisms relevant to the fertility of A. gambiae, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the molecular and cellular machinery associated with copulation in females. Initial whole-body microarray experiments comparing virgins with females at 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h after mating detected large transcriptional changes. Analysis of tissue localization identified a subset of genes whose expression was strikingly regulated by mating in the lower reproductive tract and, surprisingly, the gut. In the atrium of virgin females, where the male seminal fluid is received, our studies revealed a ''mating machinery'' consisting of molecular and structural components that are turned off or collapse after copulation, suggesting that this tissue loses its competence for further insemination. In the sperm storage organ, we detected a number of mating-responsive genes likely to have a role in the maintenance and function of stored sperm. These results identify genes and mechanisms regulating the reproductive biology of A. gambiae females, highlighting considerable differences with Drosophila melanogaster. Our data inform vector control strategies and reveal promising targets for the manipulation of fertility in field populations of these important disease vectors.mosquito ͉ post-mating response ͉ reproduction ͉ microarray ͉ reproductive tract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Molecular and cellular components of the mating machinery in Anopheles gambiae females

Rogers

Whitten

Thailayil

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…During our study and that of Tian et al [17] animals were in reproductive diapause or tested as larvae, respectively, while in other studies that reported a negative effect, sexually reproductive animals were used [10,11] supporting the possibility that JH plays a flexible role upon innate immunity. In a broader sense, it has been proposed that phenomena related to reproduction and development could cause coordinated changes in multiple physiological systems [34,35], as for example, the immune response [36], and this changes may reflect the different trajectories followed by larvae and adults according to particular selective pressures [37]. Clearly, more studies are needed to test if sexual maturity is related with the positive or negative effect of JH upon immune response, the selective pressures related and/or if it could be species dependent [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In the monarch butterfly the juvenile hormone effect upon immune response depends on the immune marker and is sex dependent

Villanueva¹,

Lanz‐Mendoza²,

Hernández‐Martínez³

et al. 2013

OJE

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In insects, juvenile hormone (JH) decreases or has any effect upon the phenoloxidase (PO) activity, and favors or decreases the Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) expression. Although there is no information about the differential effect of such hormone, two possibilities are that it depends on (a) the immune marker recorded and (b) sexual differences. Here, three commonly used immune markers, Phenoloxidase (PO), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and lytic activity, were measured 3, 6 and 24 hours after administration of methoprene (JHa, an analog of juvenile hormone) in male and female monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus). At 3 and 6 h post-JHa administration, the PO activity increased in females but it only increased at 3 h in males, whereas H 2 O 2 levels increased only in females at 3 h. For the remaining times the JHa had a null effect on PO and H 2 O 2 . On the other hand, the JHa had a null effect for lytic activity in both sexes at 3, 6 and 24 h. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a positive effect of a JHa on PO and H 2 O 2 and suggests that this effect is sex dependent.

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“…Invertebrate model systems are ideal for investigating the tradeoff between reproduction and immune function, including measurement of relevant genetic correlations [36]. For example, a study of the ground cricket Allonemobius socius found that an increased number of matings was associated with suppressed immune function and decreased longevity [37].…”

Section: Immune Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%