Mating between Echinacea angustifolia (Asteraceae) individuals increases with their flowering synchrony and spatial proximity

Abstract

Both distance and flowering synchrony influenced pollination patterns in E. angustifolia. Our results suggest that pollen movement between incompatible mates and flowering asynchrony could be contributing to the reduced seed set observed in small E. angustifolia remnants. However, we also found that individual plants receive pollen from a diverse group of pollen donors.

Evolution of plant materials for ecological restoration: insights from the applied and basic literature

“…Flowering phenology is also an important ecological trait because flowers that bloom at different times draw in pollen from donors at different spatial scales, thereby affecting genetic diversity in the population (Ison et al . ). Selection on flowering time may also alter traits that negatively impact fitness in natural conditions (Burgess, Etterson & Galloway ).…”

“…) and within a single year (Ison et al . ). Biotic and abiotic conditions such as drought and herbivory can affect the amount of seed production.…”

Reproductive biology of Pentadesma butyracea (Clusiaceae), source of a valuable non timber forest product in Benin

“…Both shape mating possibilities between synchronous individuals, thereby influencing the transmission of genetic diversity from generation to generation and affecting the degree of genetic diversity and structure in populations (Ritland 1989, Ison et al 2014. Patterns of floral phenology are considered to reflect evolutionary compromises in response to a set of selective forces, including the availability of water (David et al 2012) and gene dispersers (pollinators and seed dispersers, Ranieri et al 2012).…”

“…the transition from leaf to flower production, is often stimulated by a combination of internal (plant age or size) and external factors (day/ night length, low temperature, fire and/or the presence of water; Erwin 2006, Elzinga et al 2007). Thus the knowledge of phenological patterns across neighbouring populations and geographic regions in relation to local and regional environmental correlates is crucial to estimate its reproductive potential as prerequisite for species survival (Ison et al 2014).…”

In vitro regeneration, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and genetic assay of chalcone synthase in the medicinal plant Echinacea pallida

“…Products made from E. purpurea, E. pallida and E. angustifolia are sold commercially as herbal supplements; however, there are significant differences in the chemical composition of these species (Binns et al 2002;Laasonen et al 2002;Barrett 2003;Barnes et al 2005;Mistríková and Vaverková 2007). Many years are required to breed inbred lines and some species are self-incompatible (Ison et al 2014). Clonal micropropagation is an approach that is capable of producing large numbers of genetically similar, disease-free individual plants with superior characteristics in a short period of time and limited space.…”