Mating of<i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moths and their host plant origins as larvae within Australian cotton farming systems

Baker, Geoff; Tann, Colin R

doi:10.1017/s0007485312000508

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Based on the above results and similarly to previous studies (Baker & Tann, 2013;Gould et al, 2002;Head et al, 2010;Vialatte et al, 2006), and to be able to estimate adults dispersal between crops from field data, we confirmed that A. lucorum adults with δ 13 C ratios lower than -20 ‰ versus higher than -15 ‰ unambiguously experienced a diet mostly based on C3 versus C4 plants during the juvenile stage, respectively (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Effect Of Diet At the Juvenile Stage On δ 13 C Ratios Of A supporting

confidence: 91%

Maize fields are a potential sink for an outbreaking mirid bug pest in Chinese Bt-cotton agricultural landscapes

Jiao

Jaworski

et al. 2019

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Agricultural landscapes are fast-changing systems due to crop planting and harvesting. These events strongly influence movements of arthropod pests and their natural enemies, yet they are insufficiently considered to implement informed pest management strategies. In China, the adoption of Bt-cotton crops at very large scales has given rise to the recent pest status of mirid bugs such as Apolygus lucorum in cotton fields. In this study we relied on carbon 13 stable isotope analysis to estimate the dispersal of A. lucorum in the Bt-cotton agricultural landscape, composed of a mosaic of cotton and maize and other minor crops. We showed that a diet on C 3-plants including cotton induced a significantly different signature than the C 4-plant maize. Based on δ 13 C ratios, we showed that more than 75% of mirid bugs caught in maize fields did not originate in situ, since they had a C 3-diet and therefore most likely dispersed from neighbouring cotton fields. Conversely, less than 10% of mirid bugs in cotton fields had a diet on C 4-plants, so the vast majority of them did not disperse from maize fields but instead likely stayed in cotton fields. We also observed a delayed establishment of A. lucorum populations in maize fields compared to cotton fields, likely due to host phenology. Indeed we showed in laboratory that juveniles' survival rate and adults' fecundity are high on maize silk and grain only, whose resources are available in the field shortly before harvest. Unidirectional movements of mirids from cotton to maize associated with poor developmental success on maize highlight the high potential of maize fields to act as a sink for A. lucorum mirid bug pests. This could be wisely implemented in IPM programs to enhance the management of mirid bug population outbreaks in cotton fields and reduce yield loss on cotton.

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Section: Effect Of Diet At the Juvenile Stage On δ 13 C Ratios Of A supporting

confidence: 91%

Maize fields are a potential sink for an outbreaking mirid bug pest in Chinese Bt-cotton agricultural landscapes

Jiao

Jaworski

et al. 2019

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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“…reflecting variation in N status of soils they are grown in). Baker & Tann (2013) reported that 53% of the H. armigera moths they caught in cotton fields in northern New South Wales and southern Queensland over an 8-year period (2002-09) were C 4 , thus highlighting how influential unstructured refuges can be in producing (presumably) Bt-susceptible moths within cotton production landscapes. Our latest study Landscapes as determinants of local Helicoverpa populations now reiterates that earlier finding, with overall (across the three regions studied) 58% of the H. armigera moths being C 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do the plant host origins of Helicoverpa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moth populations reflect the agricultural landscapes within which they are caught?

Baker

Tann

Verwey

et al. 2018

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The use of Bt cotton varieties has greatly reduced the amount of conventional insecticides required to control lepidopteran pests, Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa punctigera, in Australia, but the possibility that these moths might become resistant to Bt remains a threat. Consequently, a Resistance Management Plan, which includes the mandatory growing of refuge crops (pigeon pea and non-Bt cotton; both C3 plants), has been established for Bt cotton farmers. However, knowledge of the relative contributions made to overall moth populations from the many host origins (both C3 and C4 plants) available to these insects throughout cotton production regions remains limited, as do the scales of movement and spatial mixing of moths within and between these areas. This study used stable isotope signatures (in particular δ13C) to help identify where moths fed as larvae within separate cotton production regions which differed in their proportions of C3 and C4 host crops (e.g. cotton and sorghum, respectively). C3-derived moths predominated in the early season, but C4-derived moths increased in frequency later. The overall proportion of C4 moths was higher in H. armigera than in H. punctigera. Whilst the relative proportions of C3 and C4 moths differed between regions, no differences in such proportiorns were found at smaller spatial scales, nor were there significant correlations between crop composition and isotope signatures in moths. Overall, these results suggest that C4 host plants are likely to be very important in offsetting the development of Bt resistance in these insects and such influences may operate across multiple regions within a single growing season.

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“…In contrast to our study, Tibbets et al sampled adult moths as a whole immediately upon emergence. Given that isotopic fractionation has been shown to differ between tissue types [69], and that wing primordia are already present in caterpillars prior to pupation [70] it is not unreasonable to assume that larval signature is more faithfully preserved in some body parts than in others (but see [27]). All moth species selected for analyses are characterized by short adult life-spans (usually less than 1 month) and sample selection focused on undamaged (and hence younger) specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope signatures reflect dietary diversity in European forest moths

et al. 2016

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BackgroundInformation on larval diet of many holometabolous insects remains incomplete. Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope analysis in adult wing tissue can provide an efficient tool to infer such trophic relationships. The present study examines whether moth feeding guild affiliations taken from literature are reflected in isotopic signatures.ResultsNon-metric multidimensional scaling and permutational analysis of variance indicate that centroids of dietary groups differ significantly. In particular, species whose larvae feed on mosses or aquatic plants deviated from those that consumed vascular land plants. Moth δ15N signatures spanned a broader range, and were less dependent on species identity than δ13C values. Comparison between moth samples and ostensible food sources revealed heterogeneity in the lichenivorous guild, indicating only Lithosia quadra as an obligate lichen feeder. Among root-feeding Agrotis segetum, some specimens appear to have developed on crop plants in forest-adjacent farm land. Reed-feeding stem-borers may partially rely on intermediary trophic levels such as fungal or bacterial growth.ConclusionDiagnostic partitioning of moth dietary guilds based on isotopic signatures alone could not be achieved, but hypotheses on trophic relationships based on often vague literature records could be assessed with high resolution. Hence, the approach is well suited for basic categorization of moths where diet is unknown or notoriously difficult to observe (i.e. Microlepidoptera, lichen-feeders).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-016-0170-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Mating ofHelicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moths and their host plant origins as larvae within Australian cotton farming systems

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Maize fields are a potential sink for an outbreaking mirid bug pest in Chinese Bt-cotton agricultural landscapes

Maize fields are a potential sink for an outbreaking mirid bug pest in Chinese Bt-cotton agricultural landscapes

Do the plant host origins of Helicoverpa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moth populations reflect the agricultural landscapes within which they are caught?

Stable isotope signatures reflect dietary diversity in European forest moths

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