Mating Strategies and Sexual Functioning in Personality Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Literature

Collazzoni, Alberto; Ciocca, Giacomo; Limoncin, Erika; Marucci, Carmela; Mollaioli, Daniele; Sante, Stefania Di; Lorenzo, Giorgio Di; Niolu, Cinzia; Siracusano, Alberto; Maggi, Mario; Castellini, Giovanni; Rossi, Alessandro; Jannini, Emmanuele A.

doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.03.009

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The process of sexual differentiation refers to the development of differences between males and females, which are widely observed in nature and also concern humans [1][2][3][4]. One of the most sexually dimorphic human traits is gender identity [5], defined as the inner sense of self as a female, a male or as an alternative gender, different from the male and female ones [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Sex Differences Related to Gender Identity Development: Genes or Hormones?

Ristori

Cocchetti

Romani

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The complex process of sexual differentiation is known to be influenced by biological and environmental determinants. The present review has the aim of summarizing the most relevant studies on the biological basis of sexual development, and in particular, it focuses on the impact of sex hormones and genetic background on the development of sexual differentiation and gender identity. The authors conducted a search of published studies on Medline (from January 1948 to December 2019). The evidence suggests that the sexual dimorphic brain could be the anatomical substrate of psychosexual development, on which gonadal hormones may have a shaping role during prenatal and pubertal periods. Additionally, according to several heritability studies, genetic components may have a role, but a promising candidate gene has not been identified. Even though growing evidence underlines the primary role of biological factors on psychosexual development, further studies are necessary to better explain their complex interactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Sex Differences Related to Gender Identity Development: Genes or Hormones?

Ristori

Cocchetti

Romani

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…In fact, sexual dysfunctions can be secondary to the disease itself or to comorbid physical disorders, or it may be an adverse effect of psychotropic drugs (43, 44). Importantly, the little attention given to the sexual sphere may have negative repercussions on patients' adherence and satisfaction with treatment, quality of life, and partner relationships (45). Although it was reported that people with stable schizophrenia were prone to rate their quality of life higher than healthy controls or clinicians would (46), high percentage of sexual dysfunction has been documented in the majority of patients with schizophrenia with negative impact on social adjustment and quality of life (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of Italian Psychiatrists Toward the Evaluation of Physical Comorbidities and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Schizophrenia. Implications for Clinical Practice

et al. 2019

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Treatment guidelines for patients with schizophrenia recommend evaluating their risk of physical comorbidities, especially since these patients are known to have decreased life expectancy due to comorbidities. Therefore, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first national survey conducted to investigate how Italian psychiatrists deal with the risk of physical comorbidities and sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia. A sample of 750 psychiatrists completed an ad hoc online survey investigating their decision making about performing blood tests, clinical and instrumental examinations, and scheduling follow-up appointments in relation to the different phases of the illness and possible pharmacological side effects. Compared to patients in therapeutic continuation, those diagnosed for the first time and those who received a therapeutic change were visited more frequently (every 15 to 17 days vs. every 40 days, respectively), and were more regularly prescribed blood tests and instrumental examinations (every 4.2 to 4.4 months vs. every 9 months, respectively). There was a high interest in the surveillance of cardiometabolic risk. In 54% of patients, prolactin testing was not requested before starting an antipsychotic. In terms of specialist referrals, only 5% of surveyed psychiatrists “never” sought for additional counseling. There was little attention given to sexual functioning assessment based on the survey results about patients' daily life and with regard to deciding to prescribe additional examinations. In fact, only up to 3% of psychiatrists reported assessing sexual functioning using specific psychometric tests. In summary, Italian psychiatrists describes themselves as careful healthcare providers for the physical illnesses of patients with schizophrenia but with several shortcomings. For instance, clinical attention toward patients’ sexual and reproductive healthcare needs remains a challenge. Psychiatrists should take the lead for the integrated education, assessment, and care of medical needs of their patients with mental illness. Based on the results of this survey, the authors also believe that a future challenge for the management of patients with mental illness will be the classification of patients based on their risk of comorbidities, to help ensure optimal healthcare provision for those at greater risk of other illnesses.

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“…Mentally healthy people are better marriage partners than people who suffer from some degree of mental illness [27]. Personality disorder, mental disorder, and substance abuse within marriage will likely contribute to an increased risk for relationship discord by increasing tensions in the relationship and detracting from either or both partner's relationship satisfaction [28,29]. There are also reports that people with personality disorders indicate more relationship difficulties [30].…”

Section: Human Factors and Quality Of Interpersonal Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness, Groundedness, Embodiment: Intrapersonal Elements in Interpersonal Relationships

Hernani¹

2022

Interpersonal Relationships

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Human beings are inherently relational. To relate may mean to communicate, interact, transact, engage, involve and even just be with another person. It may imply fulfilling and satisfying the needs of one another. In a more altruistic tone, the relationship is giving and receiving. Others see a relationship as a social exchange. In contrast, others may see it as a social and ethical contract that ought to adhere. Others see a relationship as an instrument as a means to self-actualize or as a process of reaching the self-potential. There are many types of relationships. While others have a formal set of rules, there are interpersonal relationships that have loose code of affair. Among the dimensions of relationship, intimate interpersonal relationships are complicated. In contrast to business affair, marriage and in other intimate partnership, sanctions, roles and rules are not clearly defined. The ambiguity of interpersonal relationships reflects the dynamisms of its elements. Since its fluid, contextual and multi-faceted, there is no exact point of analysis. In this article, awareness, dialog, groundedness, embodiment are discussed in the light of intimate partner conflicts that are amplified using fictional case vignettes that are adopted from real cases of intimate conflict. This article concludes with the assertion that cultivation of relationships starts with the person.

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Mating Strategies and Sexual Functioning in Personality Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Literature

Cited by 26 publications

References 55 publications

Brain Sex Differences Related to Gender Identity Development: Genes or Hormones?

Brain Sex Differences Related to Gender Identity Development: Genes or Hormones?

Attitudes of Italian Psychiatrists Toward the Evaluation of Physical Comorbidities and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Schizophrenia. Implications for Clinical Practice

Awareness, Groundedness, Embodiment: Intrapersonal Elements in Interpersonal Relationships

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