Mating system shifts on the trailing edge

Levin, Donald A.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcr159

Cited by 98 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Self-fertility in inhospitable environments also may be increased in some species through a change in flower development, a common change is a reduction of herkogamy (Levin 2012).This finding corroborates a number of studies that showed that variation in herkogamy levels significantly affected autonomous reproduction (Takebayashi and Delph 2000;Herlihy and Eckert 2007;Brys and Jacquemyn 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Reproductive biology of Amasonia obovata Gleason (Laminaceae)

2014

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Floral mechanisms that ensure seed production via autogamy are more likely to occur in species growing in environments where pollination is scarce. Amasonia obovata was studied in the State of Mato Grosso-Brazil, from 2009, to analyze the morphological and reproductive characteristics, aside from investigating the association of the reproductive success with the pollinator frequency and identity. The flowering and fruiting of A. obovata was concentrated in a period of five months during the rainy season. The dichogamy in flowers of A. obovata is not clearly defined, since the sexual functions were overlapped in the male and female phases. The species is self-compatible and not apomictic. The fruiting percentage obtained by hand self-pollination did not differ from cross-breeding (F = 0.74, P =0.39). In the observations from 2010 to 2012, a hummingbird (Thalurania furcata) legitimate visited 20-100% of the flowers in the male and female phases on different A. obovata plants. Due to the high frequency, this hummingbird was considered the single potential pollinator of the species. These findings show that a limited availability of pollinators may select for floral traits and plant mating strategies that lead to a system of self-fertilization. KEYWORDS: Autogamy, floral morphology, flowering phenology, hummingbird Biologia reprodutiva em Amasonia obovata Gleason (Laminaceae) RESUMOMecanismos florais que garantem produção de sementes via autogamia, são mais prováveis de ocorrer em espécies que crescem em habitats onde a polinização é escassa. Amasonia obovata foi estudada na região sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso, durante os anos de 2009 a 2012, e o estudo teve por objetivo analisar as características morfológicas, morfométricas e reprodutivas, além de associar o sucesso reprodutivo à frequência de polinizadores. A. obovata concentrou a floração e frutificação em um período de cinco meses, durante a estação chuvosa. A dicogamia em flores de A. obovata não está claramente demarcada, já que as funções sexuais se sobrepõem nas fases masculina e feminina. A espécie é autocompatível e não apomítica. Os valores percentuais de frutificação obtidos na autopolinização manual não diferiram dos valores obtidos na polinização cruzada (F= 0,74; P=0,39). Em observações realizadas nos anos de 2010 a 2012, o beija-flor (Thalurania furcata) realizou de 20 a 100% de visitas legítimas às flores nas fases masculina e feminina, de diferentes indivíduos de A. obovata e, devido à sua frequência, foi considerado o potencial polinizador da espécie. Os resultados mostram que a limitada disponibilidade de polinizadores pode selecionar plantas de características florais e estratégias de reprodução que levam a um sistema reprodutivo autogâmico.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Reproductive biology of Amasonia obovata Gleason (Laminaceae)

2014

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“…It is likely that selection against inbreeding may have played a role in mitigating the deleterious effects of small population sizes and resulted in our detecting significant excesses of homozygotes in only 2 of the 18 populations examined. Nevertheless, our results indicate that mating was restricted within populations, which might have been caused by an increasing selfing rate along ranges of plant species in response to climate change (Levin, 2012).…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Bottlenecks and Inbreedingmentioning

confidence: 72%

Historical connectivity, contemporary isolation and local adaptation in a widespread but discontinuously distributed species endemic to Taiwan, Rhododendron oldhamii (Ericaceae)

et al. 2013

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Elucidation of the evolutionary processes that constrain or facilitate adaptive divergence is a central goal in evolutionary biology, especially in non-model organisms. We tested whether changes in dynamics of gene flow (historical vs contemporary) caused population isolation and examined local adaptation in response to environmental selective forces in fragmented Rhododendron oldhamii populations. Variation in 26 expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat loci from 18 populations in Taiwan was investigated by examining patterns of genetic diversity, inbreeding, geographic structure, recent bottlenecks, and historical and contemporary gene flow. Selection associated with environmental variables was also examined. Bayesian clustering analysis revealed four regional population groups of north, central, south and southeast with significant genetic differentiation. Historical bottlenecks beginning 9168-13,092 years ago and ending 1584-3504 years ago were revealed by estimates using approximate Bayesian computation for all four regional samples analyzed. Recent migration within and across geographic regions was limited. However, major dispersal sources were found within geographic regions. Altitudinal clines of allelic frequencies of environmentally associated positively selected outliers were found, indicating adaptive divergence. Our results point to a transition from historical population connectivity toward contemporary population isolation and divergence on a regional scale. Spatial and temporal dispersal differences may have resulted in regional population divergence and local adaptation associated with environmental variables, which may have played roles as selective forces at a regional scale.

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“…The newly discovered evidence for an isolated taxon in the Nyingchi region, Nyingchi Platygyria , adds a further support for the emerging hypothesis that self-fertilization promotes persistence of populations despite isolation and environmental challenges [1,2]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Several recent studies suggested that environmental condition enforced the evolution of self-fertilization in plants, especially as a strategy to adapt to extreme habitats [1] and along the trailing edge [2]. For example, evidence was reported for indirect selection of mating system during the evolution of drought resistance in the angiosperm genus Mimulus evolution [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indehiscent sporangia enable the accumulation of local fern diversity at the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Wang

Schneider

et al. 2012

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundIndehiscent sporangia are reported for only a few of derived leptosporangiate ferns. Their evolution has been likely caused by conditions in which promotion of self-fertilization is an evolutionary advantageous strategy such as the colonization of isolated regions and responds to stressful habitat conditions. The Lepisorus clathratus complex provides the opportunity to test this hypothesis because these derived ferns include specimens with regular dehiscent and irregular indehiscent sporangia. The latter occurs preferably in well-defined regions in the Himalaya. Previous studies have shown evidence for multiple origins of indehiscent sporangia and the persistence of populations with indehiscent sporangia at extreme altitudinal ranges of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP).ResultsIndependent phylogenetic relationships reconstructed using DNA sequences of the uniparentally inherited chloroplast genome and two low-copy nuclear genes confirmed the hypothesis of multiple origins of indehiscent sporangia and the restriction of particular haplotypes to indehiscent sporangia populations in the Lhasa and Nyingchi regions of the QTP. In contrast, the Hengduan Mountains were characterized by high haplotype diversity and the occurrence of accessions with and without indehiscent sporangia. Evidence was found for polyploidy and reticulate evolution in this complex. The putative case of chloroplast capture in the Nyingchi populations provided further evidence for the promotion of isolated but persistent populations by indehiscent sporangia.ConclusionsThe presented results confirmed the hypothesis that indehiscent sporangia promote the establishment of persistent population in different regions of the QTP. These results are consistent with the expectations of reproductive reassurance by promotion of self-fertilization that played a critical role in the assembly of populations in isolated locations and/or extreme habitats.

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Mating system shifts on the trailing edge

Cited by 98 publications

References 158 publications

Reproductive biology of Amasonia obovata Gleason (Laminaceae)

Reproductive biology of Amasonia obovata Gleason (Laminaceae)

Historical connectivity, contemporary isolation and local adaptation in a widespread but discontinuously distributed species endemic to Taiwan, Rhododendron oldhamii (Ericaceae)

Indehiscent sporangia enable the accumulation of local fern diversity at the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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