2001
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17556
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Matrix as a Modulator of Hepatic Fibrogenesis

Abstract: The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides cells with positional information and a mechanical scaffold for adhesion and migration. It consists of collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and molecules that are bound specifically by the ECM, such as certain growth factors/cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and processing enzymes such as tissue transglutaminase and procollagen propeptidases. This finely tuned ecosystem is dysbalanced in chronic fibrogenesis, which can be regarded as a co… Show more

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Cited by 484 publications
(382 citation statements)
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References 150 publications
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“…During the initial phase of ischemic liver injury, Kupffer cell activation, phagocytic infiltration, and stimulation of sinusoidal endothelial cells, multiple soluble factors and cytokines with HSC-activating properties are released. [6][7][8] Initiation of HSC activation should promote an early matrix-degrading phenotype. The uPA-plasmin system induces pro-MMPs during early remodeling in liver regeneration, 7,35 and expression of plasmin-activating uPA, as well as its inhibitor, PAI-1, is upregulated immediately after cell transplantation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…During the initial phase of ischemic liver injury, Kupffer cell activation, phagocytic infiltration, and stimulation of sinusoidal endothelial cells, multiple soluble factors and cytokines with HSC-activating properties are released. [6][7][8] Initiation of HSC activation should promote an early matrix-degrading phenotype. The uPA-plasmin system induces pro-MMPs during early remodeling in liver regeneration, 7,35 and expression of plasmin-activating uPA, as well as its inhibitor, PAI-1, is upregulated immediately after cell transplantation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The hepatic stellate cell (HSC) represents an attractive candidate for this consideration. [6][7][8] HSC are located in the space of Disse, which transplanted cells must circumvent during translocation from liver sinusoids to the parenchyma. 1 HSC regulate multiple physiological processes in the liver, including extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition during the onset, as well as regression, of hepatic fibrosis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Fibrosis is characterized by deposition of ECM. The main ECM to accumulate is collagen type I, but other ECM proteins also accumulate during fibrogenesis, such as laminin, fibronectin, and fibrin(ogen) [82]. The major cell type that contributes to fibrogenesis is the activated hepatic stellate cell; however, other cellular origins of myofibroblast-like cells are becoming increasingly recognized, such as peri-portal fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and transdifferentiated epithelia [83][84][85][86].…”
Section: Stellate Cell Activation/fibrosismentioning
confidence: 99%