Matrix reactions of magnesium atoms with ozone. Infrared spectra of MgO, MgO2, and MgO3 in solid nitrogen

Andrews, Lester; Prochaska, Eleanor S.; Ault, Bruce S.

doi:10.1063/1.436646

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Mg. Experiments with Mg gave bands at 946, 924, 844.2, and 829.8 cm -1 that grew on annealing and were observed previously, 7,10 and new weak bands at 723.6 and 628.5 cm -1 that decreased on annealing. Substitution with 18 O 2 gave bands at 799 and 784 cm -1 and weak absorptions at 706.4 and 623.4 cm -1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

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Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO₂, O₂MO₂, and Related Molecules

et al. 1996

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Laser-ablated group 2 metal atoms have been reacted with O 2 in condensing N 2 to complement earlier Ar studies owing to different relaxation dynamics of N 2 and Ar with respect to excited metal atoms and ionic product molecules. In the case of Ca + O 2 , the reaction in condensing Ar gives primarily the 3 B 2 open bent OCaO dioxide product, but the reaction in condensing N 2 favors the 1 A 1 cyclic CaO 2 peroxide species. Three fundamentals are observed with 18 O and 44 Ca substitution for CaO 2 , and isotopic frequencies are in excellent agreement with the predictions of quantum chemical calculations. Although DFT/B3LYP frequencies are slightly higher than MP2 and CASSCF values, a similar pattern is calculated. Ionic molecules interact more strongly with a nitrogen matrix than with argon, and calculations of N 2 MO x and ArMO x molecules can be used to explain matrix shifts. Several N 2 MO 2 species are formed spontaneously from MO 2 molecules in solid nitrogen, and a match is found for observed matrix and DFT calculated isotopic frequencies. By comparison, the new molecule ArBeO 2 is identified in earlier argon matrix experiments. The new metal disuperoxide molecules, O 2 MO 2 , are also identified here. Calcium disuperoxide, O 2 CaO 2 , is characterized as a D 2d species with +1.12 charge on Ca and -0.28 on each O, in contrast to calcium peroxide, CaO 2 , a C 2V molecule with +1.05 charge on Ca and -0.525 on each oxygen atom.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…10 The strongest band calculated at 773.2 cm -1 (Table 8) Be + OBeO f BeOBeO ∆E ) -78 kcal/mol DFT calculations also confirm the previous identification 7 of linear MgOMgO, a higher energy isomer of (MgO) 2 , which is formed here by addition of Mg to linear OMgO.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO₂, O₂MO₂, and Related Molecules

et al. 1996

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“…For instance, Mg atoms can react with O 2 (Krasnokutski & Huisken 2010) and with O 3 (Andrews et al 1978) to give magnesium oxides. Additionally, Fe atoms can react with O 2 to form the weakly bound FeOO molecule (Krasnokutski & Huisken 2014b).…”

Section: Condensation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separate Silicate and Carbonaceous Solids Formed from Mixed Atomic and Molecular Species Diffusing in Neon Ice

Rouillé

Jäger

Henning

2020

ApJ

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The formation and growth of refractory matter on pre-existing interstellar dust grain surfaces was studied experimentally by annealing neon-ice matrices in which potential precursors of silicate grains (Mg and Fe atoms, SiO and SiO 2 molecules) and of solid carbon (C n molecules, n = 2-10) were initially isolated. Other molecules, mainly O 3 , CO, CO 2 , C 3 O, and H 2 O, were embedded at the same time in the matrices. The annealing procedure caused the cold dopants to diffuse and interact in the neon ice. Monitoring the procedure in situ with infrared spectroscopy revealed the disappearance of the silicon oxide and carbon molecules at temperatures lower than 13 K, and the rise of the Si O stretching band of silicates. Ex situ electron microscopy confirmed the formation of silicate grains and showed that their structure was amorphous. It also showed that amorphous carbon matter was formed simultaneously next to the silicate grains, the two materials being chemically separated. The results of the experiments support the hypothesis that grains of complex silicates and of carbonaceous materials are re-formed in the cold ISM, as suggested by astronomical observations and evolution models of cosmic dust masses. Moreover, they show that the potential precursors of one material do not combine with those of the other at cryogenic temperatures, providing us with a clue as to the separation of silicates and carbon in interstellar grains.

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“…[18][19][20] Absorptions that would possibly reveal the presence of magnesium oxides lie at wavelengths longer than 10 µm, outside the range we have scanned. 21 Finally, a tight group of bands that arises at 2937, 2951, and 2966 cm −1 resembles the bands of the ν 2 mode of H 2 O near 1620 cm In the IR spectrum displayed in Fig. 4 to SiO 3 (1363.5 cm −1 in Ar matrix) and SiO 2 (1416 cm −1 in Ar matrix), respectively 22 .…”

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Cold condensation of dust in the ISM

et al. 2014

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The condensation of complex silicates with pyroxene and olivine composition at conditions prevailing in molecular clouds has been experimentally studied. For this purpose, molecular species comprising refractory elements were forced to accrete on cold substrates representing the cold surfaces of surviving dust grains in the interstellar medium. The efficient formation of amorphous and homogeneous magnesium iron silicates at temperatures of about 12 K has been monitored by IR spectroscopy. The gaseous precursors of such condensation processes in the interstellar medium are formed by erosion of dust grains in supernova shock waves. In the laboratory, we have evaporated glassy silicate dust analogs and embedded the released species in neon ice matrices that have been studied spectroscopically to identify the molecular precursors of the condensing solid silicates. A sound coincidence between the 10 µm band of the interstellar silicates and the 10 µm band of the low-temperature siliceous condensates can be noted.

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Matrix reactions of magnesium atoms with ozone. Infrared spectra of MgO, MgO2, and MgO3 in solid nitrogen

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO₂, O₂MO₂, and Related Molecules

Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO₂, O₂MO₂, and Related Molecules

Separate Silicate and Carbonaceous Solids Formed from Mixed Atomic and Molecular Species Diffusing in Neon Ice

Cold condensation of dust in the ISM

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Matrix reactions of magnesium atoms with ozone. Infrared spectra of MgO, MgO2, and MgO3 in solid nitrogen

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO2, O2MO2, and Related Molecules

Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO2, O2MO2, and Related Molecules

Separate Silicate and Carbonaceous Solids Formed from Mixed Atomic and Molecular Species Diffusing in Neon Ice

Cold condensation of dust in the ISM

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Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO₂, O₂MO₂, and Related Molecules

Infrared Spectra and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Group 2 MO₂, O₂MO₂, and Related Molecules