Maturation and Modification in the Developing Visual System

Blakemore, Colin

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-46354-9_12

Cited by 135 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 201 publications

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“…Some linguistic input seems essential for language acquisition, and the ability to acquire a first language diminishes with age, suggesting an upper age limit for the ability to acquire certain aspects of speech and language. This has also been suggested by analogy with sensitive periods shown in animals in relation to the visual13 and auditory14systems. However, analogy with sensitive periods in animals was used to justify the introduction of vision screening in children but this has since been strongly challenged 15.…”

Section: When To Screen: the Effect Of Early Interventionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Current topic: Neonatal screening for hearing impairment

Kennedy¹

2000

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: When To Screen: the Effect Of Early Interventionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Current topic: Neonatal screening for hearing impairment

Kennedy¹

2000

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…The decrease of the latter, therefore, may correspond to some loss in the developmental plasticity of the dendrites, although this suggestion awaits further investigations of dendritic maturation and plasticity. Interestingly, the changes in MAP2c roughly coincide with the acquisition of normal response properties by visual cortical neurons (for review see Blakemore, 1978; Fregnac and Imbert, 1984) and therefore, presumably, the attainment of adult-like connectivity in the cortex. It must be noticed that the period when response properties of visual cortical neurons are sensitive to manipulations of visual experience extends well into the second and third month, and can be prolonged by rearing in the dark (Cynader and Mitchell, 1980;Mower, 1991).…”

Section: Map2 Changes Neuronal Plasticity and The Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 92%

MAP2 Isoforms in Developing Cat Cerebral Cortex and Corpus Callosum

Riederer

Innocenti

1992

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The microtubule-associated protein MAP2 was studied in the developing cat visual cortex and corpus callosum. Biochemically, no MAP2a was detectable in either structure during the first postnatal month; adult cortex revealed small amounts of MAP2a. MAP2b was abundant in cortical tissue during the first postnatal month and decreased in concentration towards adulthood; it was barely detectable in corpus callosum at all ages. MAP2c was present in cortex and corpus callosum at birth; in cortex it consisted of three proteins of similar molecular weights between 65 and 70 kD. The two larger, phosphorylated forms disappeared after postnatal day 28, the smaller form after day 39. In corpus callosum, MAP2c changed from a phosphorylated to an unphosphorylated variant during the first postnatal month and then disappeared. Immunocytochemical experiments revealed MAP2 in cell bodies and dendrites of neurons in all cortical layers, from birth onwards. In corpus callosum, in the first month after birth, a little MAP2, possibly MAP2c, was detectable in axons. The present data indicate that MAP2 isoforms differ in their cellular distribution, temporal appearance and structural association, and that their composition undergoes profound changes during the period of axonal stabilization and dendritic maturation.

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“…Barlow (1975), Blakemore (1978), Movshon and Van Sluyters (1981), Swindale (1982b), Frégnac andImbert (1984), Mitchell and Timney (1984), Rauschecker (1991)), with many, though not all, authors tending to favour the probability of postnatal modifiability. Recent observations made with the optical recording method add yet another interesting twist: Blasdel et al (1995) studied a series of infant monkeys of different ages and found that ocular dominance columns increase in size with age, at a slightly greater rate than do the orientation columns.…”

Section: Genes Versus the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…One view, inspired by the presence of orientation selectivity in newborn macaques and visually inexperienced kittens (Hubel andWiesel 1963, Sherk andStryker 1976), is that orientation preferences are genetically determined and are therefore likely to be unmodifiable; another is that preferences result from oriented visual stimulation and can change when, for example, an animal is exposed to a visual environment in which lines of a narrow range of orientations predominate (Blakemore andCooper 1970, Hirsh andSpinelli 1970).…”

Section: Genes Versus the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

The development of topography in the visual cortex: a review of models

Swindale

1996

Network: Computation in Neural Systems

232

133

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The repetitive stochastic patterns of eye dominance and orientation preference found in the mammalian visual cortex have attracted much attention from theoretical neurobiologists during the last two decades. Reasons for this include the visually intriguing nature of the patterns and the fact that many aspects of their development seem likely to be dependent upon both spontaneous and visually driven patterns of neural activity. Understanding these processes holds out the promise that general theories of learning and memory may be derived from those found to be applicable to the visual cortex. It has turned out, in fact, that remarkably simple models, based on Hebbian synaptic plasticity, intracortical interactions and competitive interactions between cells and growing axons, have been able to explain much of the phenomenology. This article reviews the models of topographic organization in the visual cortex in a roughly historical sequence, beginning with von der Malsburg's paper 1973 paper in Kybernetik on self-organization of orientation selectivity. The principles on which each of the models is based are explained, and the plausibility of each model and the extent to which it is able to account for the relevant experimental data are evaluated. Attention is drawn to the underlying similarities and differences between the models and suggestions are made for future directions in research.

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Maturation and Modification in the Developing Visual System

Cited by 135 publications

References 201 publications

Current topic: Neonatal screening for hearing impairment

Current topic: Neonatal screening for hearing impairment

MAP2 Isoforms in Developing Cat Cerebral Cortex and Corpus Callosum

The development of topography in the visual cortex: a review of models

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