Maturation, Dystrophic Changes and the Continuous Production of Fibers in Skeletal Muscle Regenerating in the Absence of Nerve

Mussini, I.; Favaro, Giulia; Carraro, Ugo

doi:10.1097/00005072-198705000-00007

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…Surprisingly, evidence of myogenic events is also reported in denervated muscle, i.e., in atrophying skeletal muscles. In contrasts with older reports, light and electron microscopy show that long term denervated muscle maintains a steady-state severe atrophy for the animal life span and that some morphological and molecular features indicate that events of aneural regeneration occur continuously [37][38][39]. New muscle fibers are present as early as one month after nerve section and reach a maximum between 2 and 4 months following denervation of rat leg muscles.…”

Section: Myogenesis and Regeneration Of Myofibers In Denervated Skelecontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…Permanent denervation does not prevent induced muscle regeneration [39] and a long-term retention of this capability has been demonstrated in denervated muscles. Specifically, in four-month denervated animals, bupivacaine induces massive and synchronous myofiber regeneration within a few days in both fast and slow rat muscles [56,61,62].…”

Section: Induced Regenerative Myogenesis In Long-term Denervationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Myofibers of different sizes are susceptible to degeneration and death, which indicates that cell death in denervated muscle does not correlate with levels of muscle cell atrophy [29]. These regenerative processes frequently result in the development of abnormal muscle cells that branch or form small clusters surrounded by two layers of basal lamina (the old and the new one, which is secreted by the new myofiber) [29,38,39]. Spontaneous myofiber regeneration in long-term denervation has been quantified and shown to be non-compensatory and to result in the reduction of satellite cell pools [29, [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Myogenesis and Regeneration Of Myofibers In Denervated Skelementioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of trophism and fiber type gene expression in denervated muscle activated by different patterns of electrical stimulation. Role of muscle fiber regeneration revisited in 2017

Marcante¹,

Baba²,

Carraro³

et al. 2017

Biol Eng Med

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After sixty and more years of basic research on electrostimulation-induced muscle plasticity, in the last fifteen years a few studies have employed long impulse biphasic electrical stimulation as a treatment for human long-term denervated muscle. Tissue trophism and muscle power are improved to a level sufficient to restore some functions by home based Functional Electrical Stimulation (h-bFES). These treatments usually start late after denervation due to clinical constraints. The changes induced by 1) denervation, 2) spontaneous or induced aneural myogenesis, and 3) long-term electrical stimulation starting either early or late after denervation, in both animal models and in clinic, are here reported once again to attract attention of patients, physiatrists and physiotherapists on achievable results and on limitations of h-bFES for denervated degenerating muscles (DDM). The trophic and functional recovery from severe atrophy/degeneration of long-term denervated muscle by h-bFES of DDM is a fact standing on a sound foundation. Furthermore, a new muscle quantitative color computed tomography (MQC-CT) adds, to functional evidence and to muscle biopsy analyses, the results based on tridimensional analysis of a full skeletal muscle. The differentiation of muscle fibers regenerating in the absence of the nerve is remarkable in animal experiments. If myogenesis in patients could be modulated during the months needed to recover denervated muscle tetanic contractility, it should be possible to substantially abbreviate the time needed to achieve functional recovery of long term denervated human muscle by h-bFES of DDM using the commercial muscle stimulator and the large electrodes now available.

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Section: Myogenesis and Regeneration Of Myofibers In Denervated Skelecontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Induced Regenerative Myogenesis In Long-term Denervationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Myogenesis and Regeneration Of Myofibers In Denervated Skelementioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of trophism and fiber type gene expression in denervated muscle activated by different patterns of electrical stimulation. Role of muscle fiber regeneration revisited in 2017

Marcante¹,

Baba²,

Carraro³

et al. 2017

Biol Eng Med

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show abstract

“…Aneural regenerates differ little from normal controls until 30 days, after which the uninnervated muscle mince atrophies (Mong, 1977). Mincing represents a n extreme form of injury in which all nerve pathways in the muscle are destroyed; less severe injuries in which reinnervation is more rapid exhibit an earlier onset of nerve dependence (Mussini et al, 1987;Sesodia and Cullen, 1991).…”

Section: Normal Mincementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of skeletal muscle regeneration

Bischoff

Heintz

1994

Developmental Dynamics

161

103

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We have studied the effect of adding extra satellite cells or soluble factors from crushed muscle on regeneration of minced fragments from rat tibialis muscle. The muscle mince was wrapped in an artificial epimysium to prevent adhesions and cell immigration from adjacent muscles. Regeneration was quantitatively assessed by electrophoretic determination of the muscle-specific form of creatine kinase. Control minces exhibited three periods of change in creatine kinase activity during a 7-week regeneration period. Activity fell rapidly during the first week, then rose gradually from 1 3 weeks and increased more rapidly from 3-7 weeks. To augment the original complement of myogenic cells, satellite cells were isolated from the contralateral muscle, purified by density gradient centrifugation, and expanded in culture for 3 days before adding to the muscle mince. The added cells resulted in a 3-fold enhancement of creatine kinase activity throughout the regeneration period. Soluble muscle extract incorporated into a collagen matrix also stimulated regeneration when added to muscle mince. The extract accelerated the rate of creatine kinase increase during the 1 3 week period beyond that observed in the control or cell augmented mince, suggesting that factors in the extract may facilitate revascularization or reinnervation. The specific activity of creatine kinase was increased in regenerates augmented with both cells and extract, indicating that the effects enhance primarily myogenic processes.

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“…In this regard, studies have reported that muscle regeneration in adult mammals can initially proceed to some extent in the absence of innervation, but growth and terminal differentiation of regenerated fibers and continued regeneration is impeded in denervated muscles beyond a week (Mussini et al, 1987;Sesodia and Cullen, 1991). Whether this ineffective muscle regeneration is due to changes in neural factors that inhibit the regenerative ability of otherwise competent satellite cells is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric fish: new insights into conserved processes of adult tissue regeneration

Unguez

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryBiology is replete with examples of regeneration, the process that allows animals to replace or repair cells, tissues and organs. As on land, vertebrates in aquatic environments experience the occurrence of injury with varying frequency and to different degrees. Studies demonstrate that ray-finned fishes possess a very high capacity to regenerate different tissues and organs when they are adults. Among fishes that exhibit robust regenerative capacities are the neotropical electric fishes of South America (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes). Specifically, adult gymnotiform electric fishes can regenerate injured brain and spinal cord tissues and restore amputated body parts repeatedly. We have begun to identify some aspects of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of tail regeneration in the weakly electric fish Sternopygus macrurus (long-tailed knifefish) with a focus on regeneration of skeletal muscle and the muscle-derived electric organ. Application of in vivo microinjection techniques and generation of myogenic stem cell markers are beginning to overcome some of the challenges owing to the limitations of working with non-genetic animal models with extensive regenerative capacity. This review highlights some aspects of tail regeneration in S. macrurus and discusses the advantages of using gymnotiform electric fishes to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that produce new cells during regeneration in adult vertebrates.

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Maturation, Dystrophic Changes and the Continuous Production of Fibers in Skeletal Muscle Regenerating in the Absence of Nerve

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Modulation of trophism and fiber type gene expression in denervated muscle activated by different patterns of electrical stimulation. Role of muscle fiber regeneration revisited in 2017

Modulation of trophism and fiber type gene expression in denervated muscle activated by different patterns of electrical stimulation. Role of muscle fiber regeneration revisited in 2017

Enhancement of skeletal muscle regeneration

Electric fish: new insights into conserved processes of adult tissue regeneration

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