Maturation of Binocular, Monocular Grating Acuity and of the Visual Interocular Difference in the First 2 Years of Life

Abstract

The sweep visual evoked potential method (sVEP) is a powerful tool for measurement of visual acuity in infants. Despite the applicability and reliability of the technique in measuring visual functions the understanding of sVEP acuity maturation and how interocular difference of acuity develops in early infancy, as well as the availability of normality ranges, are rare in the literature. We measured binocular and monocular sVEPS acuities in 481 healthy infants aged from birth to 24 months without ophthalmological diseases. Binocular sVEP acuity was significantly higher than monocular visual acuities for almost all ages. Maturation of monocular sVEP acuity showed 2 longer critical periods while binocular acuity showed three maturation periods in the same age range. We found a systematic variation of the mean interocular acuity difference (IAD) range according to age from 1.45 cpd at birth to 0.31 cpd at 24 months. An additional contribution was the determination of sVEP acuity norms for the entire age range. We conclude that binocular and monocular sVEP acuities have distinct growth curves reflecting different maturation profiles for each function. Differences in IAD range shorten according to age and they should be considered in using the sVEP acuity measurements for clinical diagnosis as amblyopia.

Study to establish visual acuity norms with Teller Acuity Cards II for infants from southern China

“…The mean absolute IAD and upper limits were similar for the VOD > VOS and VOD < VOS types, and both types progressively increase and approach a steady state at 3 years of age. However, systematic variations in the mean IAD have been reported in several studies, indicating that IAD is highest at birth and gradually decreases with age [33][34][35]. Because each type of IAD (VOD = VOS, VOD > VOS, and VOD < VOS) accounted for approximately one-third of all participants in our study and obvious IADs were observed in previous studies [33][34][35][36], we assume that the development of both IAD interocular acuity difference.…”

“…Patterns of similar acuity, better oculus dexter acuity, or better oculus sinister acuity are all possible because the two eyes may be in slightly different developmental stages during early age when acuity develops rapidly [33]. In addition, a remarkable double rise in IAD for the same age group was revealed over 10 years [34,35], which indicates that the developmental differences between two eyes become larger, and infants with IAD can be considered normal only if the IAD is within the upper limits [34]. The results for southern and northern Chinese infants exhibited a considerable gap in acuity levels and the methodologies of both studies were the same.…”

Desenvolvimento Do Protocolo Da Avaliação Da Visão Funcional Infantil (Avfi) Para Crianças Com Deficiência Visual

“…O protocolo de avaliação funcional desenvolvido nesse estudo, apresenta importantes diferenciais frente aos protocolos nacionais e internacionais disponíveis na literatura. O princípio adotado na confecção de nossos estímulos e com a distância de apresentação estão baseados em estudos de medidas de acuidade visual, a qual define o limiar de separação espacial mínimo para que um estímulo padronizado seja percebido (Costa et al, 2017;Salomão & Ventura, 1995;Mayer et al, 1995). (Salomão & Ventura, 1995;Costa, 2007).…”

“…A importância da visão é facilmente observada pelo interesse de pesquisadores, em diversos países, dedicados ao estudo de funções visuais. A acuidade visual é a função visual mais medida em bebês e crianças (Costa, França, Barboni, & Ventura, 2017;Salomão & Ventura, 1995;Mayer, Beiser, Warner, Pratt, Raye, & Lang, 1995). No entanto, relações entre a acuidade e as demandas funcionais guiadas pela visão em pacientes com alterações no desenvolvimento apresentam apenas moderadas correlações (Barca, Cappelli, Giulio Staccioli, & Castelli, 2010).…”

Avaliação De Acuidade Visual Por Sistema Teller

“…A sensibilidade ao contraste e a acuidade visual são medidas usadas para avaliar a qualidade e capacidade da visão humana. A acuidade visual é a função mais medida em bebês e crianças (Costa et al, 2017;Salomão, Ventura, 1995).…”