Maturation of Cerebral Oxidative Metabolism in the Cat: A Cytochrome Oxidase Histochemistry Study

Hovda, David A.; Chugani, Harry T.; Villablanca, Jaime R.; Badie, Bahman; Sutton, Richard L.

doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1992.141

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…the oxidative metabolic capacity matures prior to LCMRgiu [23] and in the rabbit reaches adult lev els during the 3rd week of life [38]. In the present study hydrocephalus was induced prior to full maturation [38][39][40], but our first CO data were taken at 32 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Responses of the Neonatal Rabbit Brain to Hydrocephalus and Shunting

Wehby-Grant¹,

Olmstead²,

Peacock³

et al. 1996

Pediatr Neurosurg

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The metabolic changes that occur in the neonatal brain as a result of hydrocephalus, and the response to ventriculoperitoneal shunting, vary with the maturational stage of the brain. In this study, local glucose utilization (LCMRglu) and oxidative metabolic capacity were estimated using 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography and cytochrome oxidase histochemistry, respectively. Hydrocephalus was induced in rabbit pups via intracisternal kaolin injections at 4-6 days of age. Shunting occurred at 19–26 days of age and the animals were sacrificed at ages ranging from 33 to 331 days. In normal animals there was a high glucose demand early in life which showed a decrease at about 60 days of age. In rabbits sacrificed prior to 60 days of age the controls showed the highest LCMRglu with significant decreases in both the hydrocephalic and shunted animals. After 60 days of age the shunted animals had higher LCMRglu than both the hydrocephalic and control subjects. Oxidative metabolic capacity peaked before 50 days of age in normal animals. At the youngest age, both the hydrocephalic and shunted animals showed higher cytochrome oxidase density rates than the control rabbits. In the older group, the hydrocephalic animals remained high while the shunted animals approximated the control densities. Neither the changes seen in the LCMRglu nor the oxidative metabolic capacity were correlated with changes in cell packing density or increased intracranial pressure. These data suggest that when the brain is compromised by hydrocephalus, there is an initial compensatory increase in oxidative metabolic capacity. The development of the glycolytic pathway appears to be retarded by hydrocephalus, but with shunting and the passage of time, the LCMRglu rebounds to levels above that of controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From previous studies in humans [20. 21] and animals [22][23][24][25], it is known that the glucose demand and oxidative metabolic capacity of the develop ing brain differs with age. Therefore, it is likely that the brain will respond differently to both hydrocephalus and shunting according to its stage of development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Responses of the Neonatal Rabbit Brain to Hydrocephalus and Shunting

Wehby-Grant¹,

Olmstead²,

Peacock³

et al. 1996

Pediatr Neurosurg

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“…In the present study, oxidative capacity was quantified by performing cytochrome oxidase histochemistry with techniques similar to those described by Hovda et al (1992). Briefly, as for the cerebral blood flow experiments, the animals were killed and the brains were quickly removed, frozen and stored at -75°C.…”

Section: Histochemical Measure Of Oxidative Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of local changes in cerebral blood flow, capillary density, and cytochrome oxidase during development

Tuor

Kurpita

Simone

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

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Although elevations in cerebral metabolic demand during development may induce angiogenesis, the correlation among ontogenic changes in local cerebral blood flow, cytochrome oxidase activity (an index of oxidative capacity) and capillary density have not been examined previously. We measured these parameters in selected regions of the brains of anesthetized rabbits of various ages. Increases in all three parameters occurred postnatally within the cerebral cortex and striatum, whereas in the medulla, values at birth were similar to those in adults. In newborns, the pattern of distribution of blood flow within the parietal cortex was such that levels were maximal in the outer layers and declined in deeper layers. This distribution correlated closely with that of capillary density, whereas cytochrome oxidase activity was maximal at levels deeper in the cortex. By postnatal day 17, the distribution for all three parameters was similar to that of cytochrome oxidase activity in young animals. A regression analysis of the regional values demonstrated a positive correlation between capillary density and blood flow in young (< or = postnatal day 8) and old (> or = postnatal day 17) animals. In contrast, cytochrome oxidase activity and capillary density were poorly correlated in young animals but positively correlated in older animals, with the slopes being markedly different (P < 0.005). The results suggest that early in postnatal development, the pattern of cytochrome oxidase activity is relatively mature compared with that of capillary density. By postnatal day 17, microvascular anatomy is closely associated to oxidative capacity, likely reflecting a steady state regulation of capillary density to metabolic requirements.

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“…For cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry, slides were incubated for 90 min in 50 ml of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 30 mg of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine and 5 mg of cytochrome caccording to the method of Hovda et al (1992). For succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) histochemistry, slides were incubated for 45 min in 50 ml of 0.06 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 20 mg of nitro blue tetrazolium and 0.68 gm of succinate (Kieman, 1990).…”

Section: Polysynaptic Regulation Of Glutamate Receptors and Mitochondmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysynaptic regulation of glutamate receptors and mitochondrial enzyme activities in the basal ganglia of rats with unilateral dopamine depletion

et al. 1994

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After nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation, the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, the medial globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata (Snr), become overactive, in part, because of increased activity of excitatory afferents from the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Because STN uses glutamate as a transmitter, we examined whether there are regulatory changes in glutamate receptor binding in the basal ganglia. Rats received unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle and substantia nigra pars compacta that were confirmed by apomorphine-induced rotation and 3H-GBR-12935 binding. As an indirect index of relative synaptic activity, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activities were assayed histochemically in sections adjacent to those used for receptor binding. There were increases in enzymatic activity in entopeduncular nucleus (EP; the rodent homolog of medial globus pallidus), SNr, and globus pallidus (GP, the rodent homolog of lateral globus pallidus) in the lesioned hemisphere, suggesting increased synaptic activity, perhaps due to increased firing of the STN. Ipsilateral to the lesion, and postsynaptic to the STN, there were profound decreases in the binding of 3H-AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole propionic acid) in EP and SNr (45% and 30%, respectively); there were no alterations in the striatum, globus pallidus, or STN, and binding throughout the unlesioned hemisphere was equivalent to that in unlesioned control animals. In contrast, 3H-MK-801 binding to the NMDA receptor ion channel was not reduced in SNr, and was too low to be measured reliably in EP and STN. 3H-MK-801 binding was reduced by 6% in striatum and 39% in globus pallidus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Maturation of Cerebral Oxidative Metabolism in the Cat: A Cytochrome Oxidase Histochemistry Study

Cited by 36 publications

References 68 publications

Metabolic Responses of the Neonatal Rabbit Brain to Hydrocephalus and Shunting

Metabolic Responses of the Neonatal Rabbit Brain to Hydrocephalus and Shunting

Correlation of local changes in cerebral blood flow, capillary density, and cytochrome oxidase during development

Polysynaptic regulation of glutamate receptors and mitochondrial enzyme activities in the basal ganglia of rats with unilateral dopamine depletion

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