Maturational changes in measures of habituation

Mayes, Linda C.; Kessen, William

doi:10.1016/0163-6383(89)90025-8

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…exponential decrease), non-linear, and inconsistent responders. Half the sample (57%) showed an exponential decrease, which parallels previous research on typical infants (see Bornstein andBenasich, 1986, andMayes andKessen, 1989, who report 63 and 51%, respectively). Our nonlinear group (29%) consisted largely of infants who showed a combination of increase-decrease and fluctuating patterns.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…total looking time; Mayes and Kessen, 1989). Initial findings also point to different patterns of habituation, with most infants showing a linear decrease in looking time over repeated stimulus exposures (Bornstein and Benasich, 1986;Mayes and Kessen, 1989). No comparable data exist for high-risk infants, in whom such measures are of particular interest.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Infants were considered to be engaged after maintaining eye contact on a stimulus for at least 0:3 s (10 frames); disengagement was scored after a look away of at least 1 s (30 frames; cf. Bornstein and Benasich, 1986;Mayes and Kessen, 1989) …”

Section: Duration Measuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…rate of decrease in looking time, or number of trials to habituate), normally developing infants consistently show considerable individual variation, and good or adequate test-retest reliability has been demonstrated for some measures (e.g. total looking time; Mayes and Kessen, 1989). Initial findings also point to different patterns of habituation, with most infants showing a linear decrease in looking time over repeated stimulus exposures (Bornstein and Benasich, 1986;Mayes and Kessen, 1989).…”

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confidence: 89%

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Habituation in high‐risk infants: reliability and patterns of responding

Brian

Landry

Szatmári

et al. 2003

Infant and Child Development

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We examined both the reliability of infant-controlled habituation and patterns of responding in a group of high-risk infants (mean age 16 mos). Good test-retest reliability was found for mean, total, and baseline looking time for one of the stimuli. Classification of infants' pattern of performance yielded two groups: linear (57%) and non-linear (29%) responders; 14% of cases could not be classified because of cross-session inconsistencies in performance. Linear responders had shorter total looking times, fewer trials to criterion, and showed more habituation than non-linear responders, thus validating the linear/non-linear distinction. Our findings indicate that the infant-controlled habituation task can be used reliably with infants who are at high risk for developmental disorders. Indeed, we provide evidence that this task is not only reliable, but may also provide meaningful distinctions between infants within the high-risk population. Discussion focuses on the role of attention in distinguishing between short (linear) and long (non-linear) lookers. Copyright # 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key words: habituation; high risk infants; reliability; attention; cognitive development Habituation is a process whereby an organism ceases to look at a repeated stimulus and, conversely, shows a preference for a novel stimulus (Malcuit et al.,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Duration Measuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 89%

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Habituation in high‐risk infants: reliability and patterns of responding

Brian

Landry

Szatmári

et al. 2003

Infant and Child Development

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“…For instance, the magnitude from baseline is reliable with a delay of 1 to 2 weeks but not with a longer delay of 1 month or more (Colombo et al, 1987a). Mayes and Kessen (1989) proposed that rapid brain matDownloaded by [The University of Manchester Library] at 09:24 09 December 2014 uration in infants provokes a developmental discontinuity in their visual learning processes. Reliability of measures taken before and after a period of maturation would be affected by this discontinuity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Visual Habituation at Five Months: Short-Term Reliability of Measures Obtained With a New Polynomial Regression Criterion

Lavoie

Desrochers

2002

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

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Using a new polynomial regression criterion, the authors investigated empirically the short-term reliability of infants' visual habituation measures. Twenty-one 5-month-old infants were tested twice with a 1-day interval. Results revealed many reliable habituation measures, a reliable reaction to novelty measure, and a new reliable measure of interest. The 2nd-order polynomial regression criterion probably produced this improvement because it uses all of the available looking time data.

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Infant information‐processing performance and maternal education

Mayes

Bornstein

1995

Early Dev. Parent.

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Relations between maternal education and indices of infant information-processing performance were examined. A sample of 93 %month olds whose mothers' completed education level was adequately distributed were seen in an infant control habituation procedure. Eighteen infants failed to complete the procedure, and 76 reached a conventional habituation criterion. No significant differences in habituation pedomwnce by maternal education level emerged. This finding suggests that information-proceeeing indices obtained in the first 6 months are useful as predictive measurea of mental development that are uncorrelated with important markers of infants' environmental rearing conditions. 1 Key words: maternal education; SES; habituation; novelty responsiveness.Whether and how environmental conditions influence infant competencies is a central issue for studies of infant status, individual differences and the predictive validity of such measures (Bornstein and Lamb, 1992), Specheally, parental socioeconomic status (SES) relates to parents' beliefs and behaviours (Hoff-Ginsberg and Tardif, in press). For example, higher SES mothers expect infant competencies at earlier ages (e.g. Ninio, 1988). This study investigated relations between maternal education and indices of infant information-processing.Parental education and other indices of SES tend to correlate 0.40-0.60 with children's educational achievements depending on age and prediction interval (McCall, 19'7'7). However, correlation of SES indicators with neurodevelopmental assessments such as the Bayley scales (Bayley, 1%9) in children under 18 months are typically low , reflecting in part the types of infant developmental competencies that are measured. Traditional infant assessments tend predominantly to evaluate motor competence and not those capacities more central to cognitive information-processing (Bornstein, 1989; Fagan, 1992). We might expect, however, that infant motor capacities are more species-specific and canalized at an earlier age when compared to information-processing capacities (McCall, 1981). Habituation and novelty responsiveness techniques may be more appropriate to the examination of infant cognitive competencies from an informationprocessing perspective (Bornstein, 1989;Bornstein and Mayes, 1992;McCall and Carriger, 1993). Moreover, habituation and novelty responsiveness have been successfully adapted to the study of individual differences in information-processing abilities in normal (Bornstein, 1985;Bornstein and Mayes, 1992; Mayes and Kessen, 1989) measures of habituation performance and novelty recovery obtained using an infant-control procedure, the technique currently used in the majority of laboratories. As McCall and Carriger (1993, p.73) point out, the contribution of SESrelated indices to the predictive validity of habituation and recognition memory is most often examined in multivariate regression models and 'has rarely been examined directly in research using either paradigm'. The present study therefore was conducted to assess dir...

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Maturational changes in measures of habituation

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Habituation in high‐risk infants: reliability and patterns of responding

Habituation in high‐risk infants: reliability and patterns of responding

Visual Habituation at Five Months: Short-Term Reliability of Measures Obtained With a New Polynomial Regression Criterion

Infant information‐processing performance and maternal education

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