Maturational Effect of Triiodothyronine and Its Analog 3,5-Dimethyl-3'-isopropyl-L-thyronine on Sucrase Activity in the Small Intestine of the Developing Rat

Ye, Vaucher; Ja, Anna; Rf, Lindberg; Ec, Jorgensen; Krulich, L.; Koldovský, Otakar

doi:10.1097/00005176-198201030-00025

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In other concomitantly performed studies in our laboratory, we have found that triiodothyronine (T;j) evoked a precocious increase of sucrase activity that was also lower in the proximal than in the middle segment of the jejunoileum of suckling rats (20). Thus, the results of the latter study (20) and the present one clearly indicate that the smaller response of sucrase activity in the proximal segment the enterocytes nearest villus-crypt junction, is the major finding of this study. Relatively immature enterocytes are thus responsive to the inducing effect of this hormone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Thyroxin‐Evoked Increase of Sucrase Activity in Lower Villus in the Jejunum of Adrenalectomized Suckling Rats

Bustamante,

Neal,

Yamada

et al. 1982

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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SummaryIntestinal sucrase activity, absent in the suckling rat, is evoked precociously by thyroid hormones. Since enterocytes migrate from crypt to villus tip, the question arises: at which level of the villus–crypt columns do the enterocytes respond with an increase of sucrase activity to thyroxin (T4)? Suckling rats (11 days old) were injected daily, subcutaneously, with T4 (2 μg/g BW/day). They were sacrificed 1, 2, and 3 days later. Sucrase activity was determined in homogenates of the entire jejunal wall and in serial homogenates of the villus–crypt columns using cryostat sectioning. Maximal increase of sucrase activity was seen after 3 days in the lower villus. Experiments were also done using rats adrenalectomized on day 10 to exclude the effect via precocious maturation of adrenal cortex. The same results were obtained. In conclusion, T4‐evoked increase of sucrase activity occurs first in enterocytes that are nearest the villus–crypt junction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Thyroxin‐Evoked Increase of Sucrase Activity in Lower Villus in the Jejunum of Adrenalectomized Suckling Rats

Bustamante,

Neal,

Yamada

et al. 1982

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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“…Involvement of hormones in the regulation of enzymatic maturation of the fetal intestine has been established during the past few years by means of in vivo studies. Administration of cortisone and/or triiodothyronine to pregnant rats induces the precocious appearance of sucrase (Celano et al, 1977;Vaucher et al, 1982), of maltase (Jumawan et al, 19771, and of enterokinase (Lebenthal, 1977) activities in the fetal intestinal mucosa. We have shown that epidermal growth factor injected to pregnant mice induces increases in alkaline phosphatase and trehalase activities of the brush border and also in endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound glucose-6-phosphatase activity (Calvert et al, 1982).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dexamethasone on the fetal mouse small intestine in organ culture

Beaulieu

Calvert

1984

Anat. Rec.

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The formation of intestinal villi (organogenesis phase) may be studied in organ culture with a completely synthetic medium in 15-day fetal mouse duodenal explants. However, in these explants absorptive cells remained poorly differentiated with all the hormones studied except with epidermal growth factor. In order to elucidate the role of hormones and other factors on the maturation of absorptive cells (maturation phase) in the fetal rodent in organ culture, we have taken the explants after the organogenesis phase. We have studied different culture conditions and have found that 17-day mouse duodenal explants can be cultured during 48 hours with Leibovitz L-15 medium in a 95% O2-5% CO2 atmosphere provided that the explants are relatively large (5 X 2 mm). With this method, dexamethasone (Dx) has been shown to have a direct effect on the maturation of the fetal duodenal mucosa. The addition of Dx (300 ng/ml) to the completely synthetic medium 1) improves the morphology of the explants, 2) induces a significant increase in maltase activity in the tissues, and 3) reduces significantly the labeling index of the duodenal explants after 48 hours of culture. Direct action of Dx on the duodenal mucosa is shown for the first time in organ culture using a completely synthetic medium. This method will permit us to study the effects of other intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the regulation of enzymatic maturation in fetal small intestine.

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“…Similarly, thyroidectomy further delayed the maturation of intestinal maltase, sucrase and lactase activities in adrenalectomized rat pups over the same postnatal period (Koldovský et al, 1975). Maternal T3 treatment in rats increased intestinal maltase and sucrase in the offspring, both before birth and during the suckling period (Jumawan et al, 1977;Koldovský et al, 1980;Vaucher et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Hypothyroidism impairs development of the gastrointestinal tract in the ovine fetus

Young

Lewandowska²,

Long³

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Growth and maturation of the fetal gastrointestinal tract near term prepares the offspring for the onset of enteral nutrition at birth. Structural and functional changes are regulated by the prepartum rise in cortisol in the fetal circulation, although the role of the coincident rise in plasma tri-iodothyronine (T3) is unknown. This study examined the effect of hypothyroidism on the structural development of the gastrointestinal tract and the activity of brush-border digestive enzymes in the ovine fetus near term. In intact fetuses studied between 100 and 144 days of gestation (dGA; term ∼145 days), plasma concentrations of T3, cortisol and gastrin; the mucosal thickness in the abomasum, duodenum, jejunum and ileum; and intestinal villus height and crypt depth increased with gestational age. Removal of the fetal thyroid gland at 105–110 dGA suppressed plasma thyroxine (T4) and T3 concentrations to the limit of assay detection in fetuses studied at 130 and 144 dGA, and decreased plasma cortisol and gastrin near term, compared to age-matched intact fetuses. Hypothyroidism was associated with reductions in the relative weights of the stomach compartments and small intestines, the outer perimeter of the intestines, the thickness of the gastric and intestinal mucosa, villus height and width, and crypt depth. The thickness of the mucosal epithelial cell layer and muscularis propria in the small intestines were not affected by gestational age or treatment. Activities of the brush border enzymes varied with gestational age in a manner that depended on the enzyme and region of the small intestines studied. In the ileum, maltase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) activities were lower, and aminopeptidase N (ApN) were higher, in the hypothyroid compared to intact fetuses near term. These findings highlight the importance of thyroid hormones in the structural and functional development of the gastrointestinal tract near term, and indicate how hypothyroidism in utero may impair the transition to enteral nutrition and increase the risk of gastrointestinal disorders in the neonate.

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Maturational Effect of Triiodothyronine and Its Analog 3,5-Dimethyl-3'-isopropyl-L-thyronine on Sucrase Activity in the Small Intestine of the Developing Rat

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Thyroxin‐Evoked Increase of Sucrase Activity in Lower Villus in the Jejunum of Adrenalectomized Suckling Rats

Thyroxin‐Evoked Increase of Sucrase Activity in Lower Villus in the Jejunum of Adrenalectomized Suckling Rats

Effect of dexamethasone on the fetal mouse small intestine in organ culture

Hypothyroidism impairs development of the gastrointestinal tract in the ovine fetus

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