“…Students use smartphones to search the Internet, check dictionary, view documents, translate texts, e-mail and text to classmates and teachers, take notes, manage schedules, access media and social networking websites. A few studies on smartphone use for academic purposes involve higher education students from Hong Kong (Kukulska-Hulme, Pettit, Bradley, Herrington, Kennedy and Walker, 2011;Cheung, 2014;Dukic, Chiu and Lo, 2015). Kukulska-Hulme et al (2011) explored the use of mobile devices for learning purposes from the learners' perspective on students in master and doctoral programs from Australia, Hong Kong, Portugal, Sweden and UK.…”