MAX-DOAS retrieval of aerosol extinction properties in Madrid, Spain

Wang, Shanshan; Cuevas, Carlos A.; Frieß, Udo; Saiz‐Lopez, Alfonso

doi:10.5194/amt-9-5089-2016

Cited by 36 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…However, the reason for the uncertainty is not yet well understood. The uncertainty is typically corrected by multiplying the O 4 absorption cross section with a constant correction factor (Wagner et al, 2009Clémer et al, 2010;Chan et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2016). By comparing the measured and modeled O 4 absorptions, we estimated that the literature O 4 absorption cross section was underestimated by 20 %.…”

Section: Ancillary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The employed atmospheric pressure and temperature profiles were adapted from a climatology database, which contains various monthly and latitudinaldependent trace gas vertical profiles (Clémer et al, 2010;Hendrick et al, 2014;Wang et al, , 2016. We assume a fixed set of aerosol optical properties with an asymmetry parameter of 0.69, a single-scattering albedo of 0.90 and a ground albedo of 0.05.…”

Section: Heipro Algorithm Description and Retrieval Parameter Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) and lidar measurements were performed in Shanghai, China, during May 2016 to investigate the vertical distribution of summertime atmospheric pollutants. In this study, vertical profiles of aerosol extinction coefficient, nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations were retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurements using the Heidelberg Profile (HEIPRO) algorithm, while vertical distribution of ozone (O 3 ) was obtained from an ozone lidar. Sensitivity study of the MAX-DOAS aerosol profile retrieval shows that the a priori aerosol profile shape has significant influences on the aerosol profile retrieval. Aerosol profiles retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurements with Gaussian a priori profile demonstrate the best agreements with simultaneous lidar measurements and vehicle-based tethered-balloon observations among all a priori aerosol profiles. Tropospheric NO 2 vertical column densities (VCDs) measured with MAX-DOAS show a good agreement with OMI satellite observations with a Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of 0.95. In addition, measurements of the O 3 vertical distribution indicate that the ozone productions do not only occur at surface level but also at higher altitudes (about 1.1 km). Planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and horizontal and vertical wind field information were integrated to discuss the ozone formation at upper altitudes. The results reveal that enhanced ozone concentrations at ground level and upper altitudes are not directly related to horizontal and vertical transportation. Similar patterns of O 3 and HCHO vertical distributions were observed during this campaign, which implies that the ozone productions near the surface and at higher alPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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Section: Ancillary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heipro Algorithm Description and Retrieval Parameter Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

et al. 2017

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“…Therefore, aerosol vertical extinction profiles can be retrieved by fitting the O 4 observations to radiative transfer simulations. Since the experimental setup is relatively simple and inexpensive, MAX-DOAS instruments have been widely used to measure the vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosols and trace gases in the past 2 decades (e.g., Hönninger et al, 2004;Irie et al, 2008Irie et al, , 2011Li et al, 2010Li et al, , 2013Clémer et al, 2010;Frieß et al, 2011;Halla et al, 2011;Vlemmix et al, 2011;Wagner et al, 2011;Ma et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014aWang et al, , 2016Chan et al, 2015Jin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the retrieval is ill-posed, which means the information contained in the observation is insufficient to determine a unique solution. In many of the other MAX-DOAS studies (e.g., Frieß et al, 2006Frieß et al, , 2011Clémer et al, 2010;Irie et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014aWang et al, , 2016, aerosol profiles are retrieved using the optimal estimation method (OEM) (Rodgers, 2000). The inversion of the aerosol profile is solved iteratively by minimizing the cost function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy aerosol profile retrieval algorithm for high-altitude measurements: application to measurements at Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany

et al. 2020

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We present a new aerosol extinction profile retrieval algorithm for multi-axis differential optical absorption spectrometer (MAX-DOAS) measurements at high-altitude sites. The algorithm is based on the lookup table method. It is applied to retrieve aerosol extinction profiles from the longterm MAX-DOAS measurements (February 2012 to February 2016) at the Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany (47.417 • N, 10.980 • E), which is located near the summit of Zugspitze at an altitude of 2650 m. The lookup table consists of simulated O 4 differential slant column densities (DSCDs) corresponding to numerous possible aerosol extinction profiles. The sensitivities of O 4 absorption to several parameters were investigated for the design and parameterization of the lookup table. In the retrieval, simulated O 4 DSCDs for each possible profile are derived by interpolating the lookup table to the observation geometries. The cost functions are calculated for each aerosol profile in the lookup table based on the simulated O 4 DSCDs, the O 4 DSCD observations, and the measurement uncertainties. Valid profiles are selected from all the possible profiles according to the cost function, and the optimal solution is defined as the weighted mean of all the valid profiles. A comprehensive error analysis is performed to better estimate the total uncertainty. Based on the assumption that the lookup table covers all possible profiles under clear-sky conditions, we determined a set of O 4 DSCD scaling factors for differ-ent elevation angles and wavelengths. The profiles retrieved from synthetic measurement data can reproduce the synthetic profile. The results also show that the retrieval is insensitive to measurement noise, indicating the retrieval is robust and stable. The aerosol optical depths (AODs) retrieved from the long-term measurements were compared to coinciding and co-located sun photometer observations. High correlation coefficients (R) of 0.733 and 0.798 are found for measurements at 360 and 477 nm, respectively. However, especially in summer, the sun photometer AODs are systematically higher than the MAX-DOAS retrievals by a factor of ∼ 2. The discrepancy might be related to the limited measurement range of the MAX-DOAS and is probably also related to the decreased sensitivity of the MAX-DOAS measurements at higher altitudes. The MAX-DOAS measurements indicate the aerosol extinction decreases with increasing altitude during all seasons, which agrees with the co-located ceilometer measurements. Our results also show maximum AOD and maximum Ångström exponent in summer, which is consistent with observations at an AERONET station located ∼ 43 km from the UFS.

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“…Recent studies indicated that it can heat the air and contributes to global warming (Ramanathan et al, 2007;Galdos et al, 2013;Ramana et al, 2010;Fyfe et al, 2013;Allen et al, 2012). It can also change the atmospheric vertical temperature profile, causing variations in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) structure (Ding et al, 2016;Wilcox et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2018). However, dust aerosol and some secondary heterogeneousreaction aerosols, playing an important role during pollution episodes in China, are mainly based on scattering optical characteristics (Huang et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method to determine the aerosol optical properties from multiple-wavelength O<sub>4</sub> absorptions by MAX-DOAS observation

et al. 2019

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Ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observation was carried out from November 2016 to February 2017 in Beijing, China, to measure the O 4 absorptions in UV and visible bands and further to illustrate its relationship with aerosol optical properties (AOPs) under different weather types. According to relative humidity, visibility, and PM 2.5 , we classified the observation periods into clear, light-haze, haze, heavy-haze, fog, and rainy weather conditions. There are obvious differences for measured AOPs under different weather conditions, especially scattering coefficient (σ sca ) and absorption coefficient (σ sca ). It was also found that both the O 4 differential slant column densities (DSCDs) at the UV and visible bands varied in the order of clear days > lighthaze days > haze days > heavy-haze days > fog days. The correlation coefficients (R 2 ) between O 4 DSCDs at 360.8 and 477.1 nm mainly varied in the order of clear days > light-haze days > haze days > heavy-haze days. Based on the statistics of O 4 DSCDs at an elevation angle 1 • with the corresponding linear regression between UV and visible bands of segmental periods, the relationships between O 4 DSCDs and AOPs were established. It should mainly be clear or light-haze days when the correlation slope is greater than 1.0, with a correlation coefficient (R 2 ) greater than 0.9, and O 4 DSCDs mainly greater than 2.5 × 10 43 molec. cm −2 . Meanwhile, σ sca and σ abs are less than 45 and 12 Mm −1 , respectively. For haze or heavy-haze days, the correlation slope is less than 0.6, with an R 2 less than 0.8, and O 4 DSCDs mainly less than 1.3 × 10 43 molec. cm −2 , under which σ sca and σ abs are mainly located at 200-900 and 20-60 Mm −1 . Additionally, the determination method was well validated based on another MAX-DOAS measurement at Gucheng from 19 to 27 November 2016. For more precise and accurate inversion of AOPs, more detailed look-up tables for O 4 multiple-wavelength absorptions need to be developed. Since the ground surface AOPs were determined using MAX-DOAS observation at a 1 • elevation in this study, we hope to highlight the potential of retrieved vertical spatially resolved AOPs being expected when multiple elevation angles of MAX-DOAS observation are used together.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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MAX-DOAS retrieval of aerosol extinction properties in Madrid, Spain

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

A multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy aerosol profile retrieval algorithm for high-altitude measurements: application to measurements at Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany

A new method to determine the aerosol optical properties from multiple-wavelength O<sub>4</sub> absorptions by MAX-DOAS observation

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MAX-DOAS retrieval of aerosol extinction properties in Madrid, Spain

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

A multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy aerosol profile retrieval algorithm for high-altitude measurements: application to measurements at Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany

A new method to determine the aerosol optical properties from multiple-wavelength O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; absorptions by MAX-DOAS observation

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A new method to determine the aerosol optical properties from multiple-wavelength O<sub>4</sub> absorptions by MAX-DOAS observation