Maxillary midline diastema among a group of Egyptian adult populations (prevalence and etiology)

Abstract

Purpose This study was performed to identify the prevalence and etiological factors of maxillary midline diastema among a sample of adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in orthodontic private clinics in Qaloubya, Fayoum, and Giza governorates. Patients and methods Three hundred seventy-five patients (199 females and 176 males) were included in this study. The full records (intraoral photographies and radiographs) of all patients were examined and surveyed for the presence or absence of maxillary midline diastema and the possible etiological factors. Results 17.3% of the studied patients showed maxillary midline diastema, while 82.7% of them did not show diastema. There was no significant difference between the prevalence of midline diastema in different sexes (P = 0.079). The most common etiological factors were 38.5% congenitally missed laterals, 33.8% highly attached frenum, 20.0% generalized spaces, and 26.2% had flared incisors. Conclusion Prevalence of midline diastema in the studied patients was 17.3%, while 82.7% of patients did not have diastema.

Prevalence of Maxillary Labial Frenal Attachments Types and Midline Diastema in Egyptian Children with Fully Erupted Maxillary Permanent Canines: A Cross Sectional Study

“…As for midline diastema, it was noticed that midline diastema was found in 15.7% of participants which was in agreement with Ocaña Caluña and Macías Ceballos, 2021; Rashid and Khalifa, 2021. This finding can be justified by the gradual closure of midline diastema after the clinical eruption of the maxillary permanent canine (Liu, Hsu and Chen, 2013).…”

“…On the contrary, Luqman et al, 2011; Rashid and Khalifa, 2021 reported highly attached frenum as the second most prevalent cause of midline diastema which might be justified by the lateral incisors and canines eruption that hinders spontaneous closure of diastema as a normal pathway of occlusion development, this make it difficult for the highly attached frenum to change its position and migrate nasally with age (Rashid and Khalifa, 2021).…”