Maxillary nerve block within the pterygopalatine fossa for oral extraction of maxillary cheek teeth in 80 horses

Abstract

Summary: Based on the results of previous studies, the maxillary nerve block using the Extraperiorbital Fat Body Insertion (EFBI)-technique should provide anaesthesia of the maxillary cheek teeth with a minimized risk for complications. Clinical investigations were required to approve the practicability of the EFBI-technique performed on a greater number of standing, sedated horses; monitor possible risks and complications in patients; evaluate the analgesic effect achieved by the EFBI-technique; investigate a possible difference of effectiveness using two different volumes of local anaesthetic. Eighty horses were included in this blinded study and divided into two groups either receiving 2 or 4 ml lidocaine / 100 kg bodyweight for local nerve block. Maxillary cheek tooth extraction was performed thereafter in the standing, sedated horse. The local block using EFBI-technique was easy to perform in all horses and its practicability under clinical conditions was confirmed. A difference of analgesic effects using two different volumes of the local anaesthetic could not be detected. To minimize risks and complications, it is advisable to use the lower dose with 2 ml /100 kg bodyweight lidocaine.Keywords: horse; equine dentistry; local anaesthesia; maxillary nerve block; EFBI-technique, cheek tooth extraction Citation: Rieder C. M., Zwick T., Hopster K., Feige K., Bienert-Zeit A. (2016) Maxillary nerve block within the pterygopalatine fossa for oral extraction of maxillary cheek teeth in 80 horses. Pferdeheilkunde 32,[587][588][589][590][591][592][593][594]

A long‐term study of equine cheek teeth post‐extraction complications: 428 cheek teeth (2004‐2018)

“…The initial alveolar packing swabs were found to be partially embedded in alveolar granulation tissue at routine re‐examinations in three horses (0.7%) but any residual embedded fibres did not prevent complete alveolar healing or cause a clinical problem in any case. Supraorbital haematomata (n = 2) formed following maxillary nerve blocks 23 and self‐resolved within 1 week. MTE caused temporary intra‐operative cheek haemorrhage (n = 1) (2.5%; 1/39) and ventral buccal nerve neuropraxia (n = 1) when using an earlier buccal trocar with a wide flange that resolved fully within 24 hours.…”

Ossifying Fibroma in the Nasal Cavity of a 2-Year-Old Horse

“…Maxillary cheek teeth were anesthetized with a left infraorbital nerve block using 5 mL 2% lidocaine hydrochloride [ 24 ]. The left maxillary nerve was blocked caudally from the maxillary foramen with 20 mL of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride [ 25 ]. The horse was monitored with a vital sign monitor (ECG, pulse oximetry, capnography).…”