Maxillary sporadic Burkitt′s lymphoma associated with neuro-orbital involvement in an Indian male

Abstract

Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is the fastest growing malignancy of the lymphoreticular system to affect humans and has a potential ability to double in size every day. A case of maxillary sporadic BL (sBL) associated with neuro-orbital involvement in an Indian male is presented. sBL initially presented as maxillary swelling with no obvious dental and periodontal changes. Histological specimen from incisional biopsy revealed a round cell malignant tumor and immunohistochemistry reactions favored nonHodgkin's lymphoma consistent with BL. Four weeks later, patient presented with orbital involvement as diplopia, sixth cranial nerve palsy, and medial rectus palsy. Chemotherapy regimen according to LMB 89 protocol was started. During chemotherapy regimen patient showed bradycardia and Babinski response, suggestive of central nervous system involvement. sBL associated with orbital involvement is extremely rare and only seven cases have been reported. Our case showed unusual presentation; despite the aggressive tumor did not show any common clinical, radiological, and hematological findings. We also discussed the role of oral medicine specialist, importance of early diagnosis, and prompt referral in management of maxillary sBL.

Histone deacetylase 6 activity is critical for the metastasis of Burkitt’s lymphoma cells

“…Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) as a highly aggressive B-cell malignancy, usually occurs in adolescent as well as in patients with immune defect. Endemic BL is the most common variant and prevails in Africa where almost all the patients are found with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection [ 1 , 2 ]. Besides, there are two other BL variants: sporadic BL which accounts for about 30-50% of childhood lymphomas in the developed countries, and HIV infection caused immune-deficient associated type [ 3 ].…”

Adult Burkitt lymphoma- an Island between lymphomas and leukemias

“…This is the most common variant in the USA (0-8.8 cases/million in both children and adults), Europe (0-4.6 cases/million) and in Asia (0-4.9 cases/million) [12][13][14]. It has a higher male prevalence with a 3-4:1 ratio [13] and a median age of 31 years [15].…”