Maximal and submaximal aerobic tests for wheelchair-dependent persons with spinal cord injury: a systematic review to summarize and identify useful applications for clinical rehabilitation

Eerden, Sophia; Dekker, Rienk; Hettinga, Florentina J.

doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1287623

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Generally speaking, all work capacity outcomes in both groups do not deviate from values reported for similar populations by other studies [39,40]. Work capacity, operationalized as wheelchair-specific isometric force and outcomes of the peak graded exercise test, improved significantly over the period of 5 weeks in the group with a recent SCI.…”

Section: Work Capacitysupporting

confidence: 65%

Motor learning outcomes of handrim wheelchair propulsion during active spinal cord injury rehabilitation in comparison with experienced wheelchair users

Leving

Groot

Woldring

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Purpose: To investigate changes in wheelchair propulsion technique and mechanical efficiency across first five weeks of active inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation and to compare the outcomes at discharge with experienced wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. Methods: Eight individuals with recent spinal cord injury performed six weekly submaximal exercise tests. The first and last measurement additionally contained a wheelchair circuit and peak graded exercise test. Fifteen experienced individuals performed all above-mentioned tests on one occasion. Results: Mechanical efficiency and propulsion technique did not change during the five weeks of inpatient rehabilitation. Peak power output during peak graded test and performance time on the wheelchair circuit improved between the first and the last week. No difference in propulsion technique, peak power output, and performance time was found between the persons with a recent injury and the experienced group. Mechanical efficiency was higher after the correction for the difference in relative power output in the experienced group. Conclusion: The group with a recent injury did not improve mechanical efficiency and propulsion technique over the period of active rehabilitation, despite significant improvements on the wheelchair circuit and in work capacity. The only significant difference between the groups was found in mechanical efficiency. ä IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION The lack of time-dependent changes in mechanical efficiency and propulsion technique in the group with a recent spinal cord injury, combined with the lack of differences in technique, work capacity and on the wheelchair circuit between the groups, suggest that important adaptations of motor learning may happen even earlier in rehabilitation and emphasize that the group in active rehabilitation was relatively skilled. Standardized observational analyses of handrim wheelchair propulsion abilities during early spinal cord injury rehabilitation provide detailed understanding of wheelchair technique, skill as well as wheelchair propulsion capacity. Measurement of external power output is critical to interpretation of gross efficiency, propulsion technique, and capacity. Wheelchair quality and body weightnext to wheelchair fitness and skillrequire careful consideration both in early rehabilitation as well as in the chronic phase of spinal cord injury.

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Section: Work Capacitysupporting

confidence: 65%

Motor learning outcomes of handrim wheelchair propulsion during active spinal cord injury rehabilitation in comparison with experienced wheelchair users

Leving

Groot

Woldring

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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“…Peak oxygen uptake and power output are used to indicate peak physical capacity [119] which can be used to evaluate the effect of training programmes. Historically, the majority of studies performed were using arm crank ergometers (ACEs) in favour of wheelchair ergometry [120]. ACEs were used as early as 1971 by Stoboy et al [121] to measure exercise capacity in wheelchair users.…”

Section: B Aerobicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, peak physical capacity can also safely be determined on treadmills or WCEs [120]. Wheelchair ergometry provides additional insights on top of peak oxygen uptake on performance and mobility in daily life [118] as the wheelchair settings and propulsion technique influence external power output.…”

Section: B Aerobicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion in the Lab: A Critical Analysis of Stationary Ergometers

Klerk

Vegter

Goosey-Tolfrey

et al. 2020

IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng.

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“…Therefore, it is increasingly important to monitor and systematically evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness in persons with disability or chronic disease in clinical rehabilitation and beyond [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Monitoring changes in cardiorespiratory fitness may indicate training and rehabilitation program effectiveness, as well as the development of a physically active lifestyle [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head-Out Water-Based Protocols to Assess Cardiorespiratory Fitness—Systematic Review

Ogonowska-Słodownik

Geigle

Morgulec‐Adamowicz

2020

IJERPH

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The aquatic environment offers cardiorespiratory training and testing options particularly for individuals unable to adequately train or test on land because of weight bearing, pain or disability concerns. No systematic review exists describing cardiorespiratory fitness protocols used in an aquatic environment. This review investigated the different head-out water-based protocols used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. Our comprehensive, systematic review included 41 studies with each included paper methodological quality assessed using the statistical review of general papers checklist. Diverse protocols arose with three major categories identified: conducted in shallow water, deep water, and using special equipment. Thirty-seven articles presented data for peak/maximal oxygen consumption (VO2peak/VO2max). Twenty-eight of 37 studies predefined criteria for reaching a valid VO2peak/VO2max with shallow water exercise demonstrating 20.6 to 57.2 mL/kg/min; deep water running 20.32 to 48.4 mL/kg/min; and underwater treadmill and cycling 28.64 to 62.2 mL/kg/min. No single, accepted head-out water-based protocol for evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness arose. For clinical use three cardiorespiratory fitness testing concepts ensued: water temperature of 28–30 °C with difference of maximum 1 °C between testing participants and/or testing sessions; water depth adapted for participant aquatic experiences and abilities; and intensity increment of 10–15 metronome beats per minute.

show abstract

Maximal and submaximal aerobic tests for wheelchair-dependent persons with spinal cord injury: a systematic review to summarize and identify useful applications for clinical rehabilitation

Cited by 45 publications

References 113 publications

Motor learning outcomes of handrim wheelchair propulsion during active spinal cord injury rehabilitation in comparison with experienced wheelchair users

Motor learning outcomes of handrim wheelchair propulsion during active spinal cord injury rehabilitation in comparison with experienced wheelchair users

Measuring Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion in the Lab: A Critical Analysis of Stationary Ergometers

Head-Out Water-Based Protocols to Assess Cardiorespiratory Fitness—Systematic Review

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