Maximal Exercise Alters the Inflammatory Phenotype and Response of Mononuclear Cells

Slusher, Aaron L.; Zúñiga, Tiffany M.; Acevedo, Edmund O.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001480

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…So, it makes sense that by reducing the gene expression of the TLR-4 and then reducing the expression of its downstream molecules in the signaling pathway, such as IRF3 and NF-κB, the expression of TNFα as the end product of this pathway will also decrease. A reduction in TNFα serum levels has been shown following long-term protocols [39,[46][47][48], which is in line with our study, while others have reported increased or unchanged levels [22,34,49]. Studies have shown that in the presence of IFNγ macrophages shift their phenotype toward M1 and produce proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-1β [50,51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Although the acute protocols have not significantly changed TLR4 mRNA levels, the increase in the duration of training protocols appears to shift these results toward a reduction of TLR4 levels [33]. According to human studies, both acute, though not all, types of exercise (HIIT) [23] and long-term interventions downregulate TLR4 in the obese, healthy, and type 2 diabetes subjects [24,34,35]; this corresponds with the findings here. On the contrary, TLR4 levels have remained unchanged or elevated after RT and aerobic protocols [36,37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Combined All-Extremity High-Intensity Interval Training Regulates Immunometabolic Responses through Toll-Like Receptor 4 Adaptors and A20 Downregulation in Obese Young Females

Soltani¹,

Marandi²,

Kazemi³

et al. 2020

Obes Facts

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Metainflammation and malfunctions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are related to obesity-induced immunometabolic morbidities. There are almost no studies relating exercise training to the TLR4 pathway and its adaptors and negative regulators. Thirty young women with obesity (exercise group and control group) were included in a 10-week all-extremity combined high-intensity interval training program. The immunomodulatory impacts of exercise on TLR4, its related adaptors (TIR domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β [TRIF], myeloid differentiation factor 88 [MyD88], and tumor receptor-associated factor 6 [TRAF6]), transcriptional factors (nuclear factor [NF]-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 [IRF3]), and negative regulator (A20) mRNA levels were assessed by real-time PCR. Also, the serum concentration of TLR4 final products (tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα] and interferon γ [IFNγ]) was measured by ELISA. Cardiorespiratory and body composition parameters were tested, as well. There was a significant improvement in body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness. This intervention downregulated TLR4 (from 2.25 ± 1.07 to 0.84 ± 1.01), MyD88 (from 4.53 ± 5.15 to 1.27 ± 0.88), NF-κB (from 1.61 ± 2.03 to 0.23 ± 0.39), IRF3 (from 1.22 ± 0.77 to 0.25 ± 0.36), and A20 (from 0.88 ± 0.59 to 0.22 ± 0.33) levels and reduced the TNFα concentrations (from 22.39 ± 11.43 to

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Combined All-Extremity High-Intensity Interval Training Regulates Immunometabolic Responses through Toll-Like Receptor 4 Adaptors and A20 Downregulation in Obese Young Females

Soltani¹,

Marandi²,

Kazemi³

et al. 2020

Obes Facts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was demonstrated that acute exercise induces several systemic proteins, including apolipoproteins and immunological mediators, that may be involved in immunosurveillance during and after exercise bouts 24 . However, some exercise modalities, such as exhaustive exercise that induces higher degrees of muscle damage and systemic stress response, may induce a greater pro-inflammatory response and activation of peripheral leukocytes that become deregulated and detrimental to health 9 , 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulation induced by autologous serum collected after acute exercise in obese men: a randomized cross-over trial

Dorneles

Silva

Santos

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In this study, we evaluated the effects of autologous serum collected after two types of exercise on the in vitro inflammatory profile and T cell phenotype of resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in obese men. Serum samples and PBMCs were obtained from eight obese men who performed two exercise bouts—high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and exhaustive exercise session to voluntary fatigue—in a randomized cross-over trial. Pre-exercise PBMCs were incubated with 50% autologous serum (collected before and after each exercise bout) for 4 h. In vitro experiments revealed that post-HIIE serum reduced the histone H4 acetylation status and NF-κB content of PBMCs and suppressed the production of both TNF-α and IL-6 by PBMCs, while increasing IL-10 production. Post-exhaustive exercise serum induced histone H4 hyperacetylation and mitochondrial depolarization in lymphocytes and increased TNF-α production. In vitro post-HIIE serum incubation resulted in an increase in the frequencies of CD4 + CTLA-4 + and CD4 + CD25+ T cells expressing CD39 and CD73. Post-exhaustive exercise serum decreased the frequency of CD4 + CD25 + CD73+ T cells but increased CD4 + CD25-CD39 + T cell frequency. Both post-exercise serums increased the proportions of CD4 + PD-1 + and CD8 + PD-1+ T cells. Blood serum factors released during exercise altered the immune response and T cell phenotype. The type of exercise impacted the immunomodulatory activity of the post-exercise serum on PBMCs.

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“…In comparison, there was a 20% decrease in the relative proportion of CD14 ++ CD16 − monocytes in these subjects. Similarly, Slusher et al [52] reported that maximal treadmill exercise performed by 25 healthy men resulted in a 7.7% decrease in the relative percentage of CD14 ++ CD16 − monocytes, and 15.6% and 43.1% increases in relative percentages of CD14 ++ CD16 + and CD14 + CD16 ++ monocytes, respectively. Interestingly, there was decreased TLR4 expression on CD14 ++ CD16 − and CD14 ++ CD16 + monocytes but not in CD14 + CD16 ++ monocytes.…”

Section: Exercise Modulates Monocyte Subsetsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Monocyte Subsets in Atherosclerosis and Modification with Exercise in Humans

Canetti

Suzuki

et al. 2018

Antioxidants

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive pathological remodeling of the arteries and one of its hallmarks is the presence of chronic inflammation. Notably, there is an increased proportion and activation state of specific monocyte subsets in systemic blood circulation. Monocyte subsets have distinct contributions to the formation, progression, and destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. Strong clinical and epidemiological studies show that regular aerobic exercise mitigates the progression of cardiovascular disease. In fact, aerobic fitness is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular mortality in adults, independent of traditional risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Acute bouts and chronic exercise training modulate monocyte behavior, ranging from their recruitment from the bone marrow or marginal pool, to tissue margination and functional changes in cytokine and chemokine production. Such modulation could reflect a potential mechanism for the cardio-protective effect of exercise on atherosclerosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge of monocyte subsets and highlights what is known about their responses to exercise.

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Maximal Exercise Alters the Inflammatory Phenotype and Response of Mononuclear Cells

Abstract: These findings demonstrate that acute maximal exercise elicits a proinflammatory phenotype of isolated monocytes exposed to LPS and highlight potential mechanisms that will help elucidate the role of acute and chronic exercise on the innate immune response of circulating monocytes.

Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

Combined All-Extremity High-Intensity Interval Training Regulates Immunometabolic Responses through Toll-Like Receptor 4 Adaptors and A20 Downregulation in Obese Young Females

Combined All-Extremity High-Intensity Interval Training Regulates Immunometabolic Responses through Toll-Like Receptor 4 Adaptors and A20 Downregulation in Obese Young Females

Immunoregulation induced by autologous serum collected after acute exercise in obese men: a randomized cross-over trial

Monocyte Subsets in Atherosclerosis and Modification with Exercise in Humans

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