Maximization of the output of shielded current perpendicular to the plane spin valve heads by optimum sense current and hard bias

Furukawa, Akira; Ishii, Shinnosuke; Matsuzono, A.; Hashimoto, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.1063/1.1456038

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As a result, the free layer became more sensitive to a medium flux in negative polarity of the bias current. These experimental results of amplitude on polarity of the bias current are basically consistent with the simulation results reported in [19].…”

Section: A Quasi-static Testssupporting

confidence: 94%

Narrow Track Current-Perpendicular-To-Plane Spin Valve GMR Heads

et al. 2004

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We have investigated the performance of dual spin valve heads in the current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) geometry on dynamic electrical tests (DET) and quasi-static tests (QST). Shielded CPP reader and stitched pole writer composite heads were fabricated. A various physical read track width and area of the dual spin valve element were deliberately obtained in the range of 41-175 nm and 0.0034-0.022 m 2 , respectively. Materials used for the CPP dual spin valve are Co 90 Fe 10 , Ni 80 Fe 20 , Cu, Ru, Ta, and Pt 50 Mn 50 , which are common in industrial current-in-plane (CIP) spin valves. The shape and smoothness of QST transfer curve, readback waveform, micro-track, and full-track profiles of the narrow read track CPP heads are essentially just the same as those of CIP spin valve. A track-average-amplitude of 0.6 mV was obtained at the bias current density of element around 100 MA/cm 2 in the CPP head with the physical read track width of 47 nm. Overall reader resistance of the CPP heads at head gimbals assembly (HGA) level was in the range of 10-35 and proved to be well appropriate.Index Terms-Current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) geometry, giant magnetoresistance, narrow track, spin valve head.

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Section: A Quasi-static Testssupporting

confidence: 94%

Narrow Track Current-Perpendicular-To-Plane Spin Valve GMR Heads

et al. 2004

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“…The third and fourth, by Fontana Jr. et al [283] (2004) and by Khizroev et al [284] (2004), described magnetic shielding to minimize side reading from adjacent tracks In 2002 we found two papers and six patents. Furakawa et al [285] showed, by calculations and measurements, that head efficiency is increased in a configuration where the circular sense-current field cancels the hard bias field at the air-bearing side of the free layer. Matsuzono et al [286] examined CPP-MR needs for 200 Gbt/in 2 areal density.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

CPP magnetoresistance of magnetic multilayers: A critical review

Bass

2016

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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We present a comprehensive, critical review of data and analysis of Giant (G) Magnetoresistance (MR) with Current-flow Perpendicular-to-the-layer-Planes (CPP-MR) of magnetic multilayers [F/N] n (n = number of repeats) composed of alternating nanoscale layers of ferromagnetic (F) and non-magnetic (N) metal, or of spin-valves that allow control of anti-parallel (AP) and parallel (P) orientations of the magnetic moments of adjacent F-layers. GMR, a large change in resistance when an applied magnetic field changes the moment ordering of adjacent F-layers from AP to P, was discovered in 1988 in the geometry with Current flow in the layer-Planes (CIP). The CPP-MR has two advantages over the CIP-MR: (1) relatively simple two-current series-resistor (2CSR) and more general Valet-Fert (VF) models allow more direct access to the underlying physics; and (2) it is usually larger, which should be advantageous for devices. When the first CPP-MR data were published in 1991, it was not clear whether electronic transport in GMR multilayers is completely diffusive or at least partly ballistic. It was not known whether the properties of layers and interfaces would vary with layer thickness or number. It was not known whether the CPP-MR would be dominated by scattering within the F-metals or at the F/N interfaces. Nothing was known about: (1) spin-flipping within F-metals, characterized by a spin-diffusion length, ; (2) interface specific resistances (AR = area A times resistance R) for N1/N2 interfaces; (3) interface specific resistances and interface spin-dependent scattering asymmetry at F/N and F1/F2 interfaces; and (4) spin-flipping at F/N, F1/F2 and N1/N2 interfaces. Knowledge of spin-dependent scattering asymmetries in F-metals and F-alloys, and of spin-flipping in N-metals and N-alloys, was limited. Since 1991, CPP-MR measurements have quantified the scattering and spin-flipping parameters that determine GMR for a wide range of F-and N-metals and alloys and of F/N pairs. This review is designed to provide a history of how knowledge of CPP-MR parameters grew, to give credit for discoveries, to explain how combining theory and experiment has enabled extraction of quantitative information about these parameters, but also to make clear that progress was not always direct and to point out where disageements still exist. To limit its length, the review considers only collinear orientations of the moments of adjacent F-layers. To aid readers looking for specific information, we have provided an extensive table of contents and a detailed summary. Together, these should help locate over 100 figures plus 17 tables that collect values of individual parameters. In 1997, CIP-MR replaced anisotropic MR (AMR) as the sensor in read heads of computer hard drives. In principle, the usually larger CPP-MR was a contender for the next generation read head sensor. But in 2003, CIP-MR was replaced by the even larger Tunneling MR (TMR), which has remained the read-head sensor ever since. However, as memory bits shrink to where the relative...

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Fluctuation–dissipation considerations for phenomenological damping models for ferromagnetic thin films

Smith

2002

Journal of Applied Physics

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Dissipation properties of ferromagnetic thin films are traditionally characterized by phenomenological damping models related to ferromagnetic resonance ͑FMR͒ linewidths. They may also be analyzed in terms of thermal magnetization fluctuations, the connection being made through the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This article describes how fluctuation-dissipation relations provide a means for discriminating between alternative phenomenological magnetic damping models in ways that are not obvious using traditional uniform-magnetization descriptions appropriate to FMR experiments. In particular, it is shown that recently proposed alternatives to the well-known Gilbert damping model lead to physically untenable predictions/contradictions when analyzed in this light, unlike the traditional Gilbert model itself.

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Maximization of the output of shielded current perpendicular to the plane spin valve heads by optimum sense current and hard bias

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Narrow Track Current-Perpendicular-To-Plane Spin Valve GMR Heads

Narrow Track Current-Perpendicular-To-Plane Spin Valve GMR Heads

CPP magnetoresistance of magnetic multilayers: A critical review

Fluctuation–dissipation considerations for phenomenological damping models for ferromagnetic thin films

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