Maximized PUFA measurements improve insight in changes in fatty acid composition in response to temperature

Dooremalen, Coby van; Pel, Roel; Ellers, Jacintha

doi:10.1002/arch.20325

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…It is unclear whether nitrogen purging would have provided additional benefits during a longer storage period. Previously, PUFA composition in O. cincta (springtail hexapod) has been maintained when saponification and transesterification was performed in nitrogen-filled headspace air [23]. In addition, direct gassing of a dairy beverage enriched with 2% flaxseed oil with nitrogen protected against PUFA degradation [24], and nitrogen has also been used to slow oxidative degradation of perishable food products [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butylated hydroxytoluene can protect polyunsaturated fatty acids in dried blood spots from degradation for up to 8 weeks at room temperature

et al. 2013

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BackgroundDried blood spots (DBS) from fingertip prick blood can enable high throughput fatty acid profiling but may be prone to lipid peroxidation during storage. The use of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on chromatography paper can prevent polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) loss but examinations on the length of storage times possible are not comprehensive.MethodIn the first study, venous whole blood was saturated on paper strips pre-soaked with 0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/mL BHT and exposed to air for up to 28 days. In a second study, the effect of sealing DBS on 5.0 mg/mL BHT-soaked chromatography strips in capped test tubes or vacuum sealed polypropylene bags with and without nitrogen purging was examined over eight weeks. The fatty acid composition of the DBS were determined by gas chromatography and the effect of sample storage on omega-3 biomarkers were examined.ResultsPUFA and omega-3 biomarkers in DBS stored without BHT were dramatically reduced by day 3. In general, BHT delayed decreases in eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acid from baseline (3.2 ± 0.2 wt%) to 28 days (2.6 ± 0.03 wt%) of storage. In the % n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in total HUFA biomarker, BHT was more effective at preventing changes, particularly with 5.0 mg/mL BHT where no differences were detected up to 28 days. Sealed storage with BHT tended to increase the stability of the PUFA in DBS and nitrogen purging did not appear to provide additional benefits. The % n-3 HUFA in total HUFA biomarker also appeared to be more stable in the sealed storage study.ConclusionsThe storage of DBS in sealed containers with BHT may prevent PUFA degradation for up to 8 weeks. The % n-3 HUFA in total HUFA biomarker appears to provide a more consistent assessment of omega-3 status throughout storage as compared with other omega-3 blood biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butylated hydroxytoluene can protect polyunsaturated fatty acids in dried blood spots from degradation for up to 8 weeks at room temperature

et al. 2013

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“…Even a moderate decrease in oviposition temperature may result in biochemical changes, such as fatty acid composition (van Dooremalen & Ellers 2010). For instance, at a lower oviposition temperature, body lipids become more unsaturated and this is associated with an increased cold resistance in adults (Overgaard et al 2005;van Dooremalen, Pel & Ellers 2009), although not an increased heat resistance (C. van Dooremalen, pers. comm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature‐induced plasticity in egg size and resistance of eggs to temperature stress in a soil arthropod

et al. 2010

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Summary 1.Temperature is considered one of the most important mediators of phenotypic plasticity in ectotherms, resulting in predictable changes in egg size. However, the fitness consequences of temperature-induced plasticity in egg size are not well understood and are often assessed at mild temperatures, whereas in the field, extreme temperatures will occur. 2. In this study we investigated egg size plasticity and fitness-linked traits of eggs in response to temperature in the springtail Orchesella cincta. Eggs were oviposited at two temperatures (16 and 20°C), and transplanted to 10, 15 and 20°C for rearing, or exposed to temperature shock ()6 and 38°C) to measure survival, development rate and growth. 3. Eggs oviposited at 16°C had a greater volume and dry weight than eggs oviposited at 20°C but had similar lipid content. Eggs oviposited at 16°C had high survival at all rearing temperatures, whereas survival of eggs oviposited at 20°C declined at lower rearing temperatures and was significantly lower than survival of large eggs when reared at 10 and 15°C. No difference in egg development rate was found between oviposition temperatures, although development rate increased with rearing temperature. Juveniles were 5-10% larger when hatching from eggs oviposited at 16°C, independent of the temperature at which the eggs were reared. 4. Eggs oviposited at 16°C were more resistant to thermal stress, as their survival after exposure to cold or heat shock was higher than survival of eggs oviposited at 20°C. However, egg development rate of the eggs that survived temperature shock was not different from the control, independent of egg oviposition temperature. 5. Our results show that temperature-induced plasticity in O. cincta affects fitness-linked traits of offspring through increased hatchling size and increased thermal tolerance of eggs produced at lower temperatures. 6. The increased resistance to thermal stress of O. cincta eggs oviposited at lower temperatures may provide a protective strategy in uncertain thermal environments.

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“…C 19:0 was added as internal fatty acid standard to the total extract. Before saponification and acid methanolysis headspaces were flushed with N 2 as this reduces oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (van Dooremalen et al ., ). Methylized fatty acids were extracted using methyl tertiair‐butyl ether/hexane, dried and kept in 100 μl hexane at −80 °C until analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation responses to temperature vary with vertical stratification: implications for vulnerability of soil‐dwelling species to extreme temperature events

Dooremalen

Berg

Ellers

2012

Global Change Biology

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The occurrence of summer heat waves is predicted to increase in amplitude and frequency in the near future, but the consequences of such extreme events are largely unknown, especially for belowground organisms. Soil organisms usually exhibit strong vertical stratification, resulting in more frequent exposure to extreme temperatures for surface-dwelling species than for soil-dwelling species. Therefore soil-dwelling species are expected to have poor acclimation responses to cope with temperature changes. We used five species of surface-dwelling and four species of soil-dwelling Collembola that habituate different depths in the soil. We tested for differences in tolerance to extreme temperatures after acclimation to warm and cold conditions. We also tested for differences in acclimation of the underlying physiology by looking at changes in membrane lipid composition. Chill coma recovery time, heat knockdown time and fatty acid profiles were determined after 1 week of acclimation to either 5 or 20 °C. Our results showed that surface-dwelling Collembola better maintained increased heat tolerance across acclimation temperatures, but no such response was found for cold tolerance. Concordantly, four of the five surface-dwelling Collembola showed up to fourfold changes in relative abundance of fatty acids after 1 week of acclimation, whereas none of the soil-dwelling species showed a significant adjustment in fatty acid composition. Strong physiological responses to temperature fluctuations may have become redundant in soil-dwelling species due to the relative thermal stability of their subterranean habitat. Based on the results of the four species studied, we expect that unless soil-dwelling species can temporarily retreat to avoid extreme temperatures, the predicted increase in heat waves under climatic change renders these soil-dwelling species more vulnerable to extinction than species with better physiological capabilities. Being able to act under a larger thermal range is probably costly and could reduce maximum performance at the optimal temperature.

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Maximized PUFA measurements improve insight in changes in fatty acid composition in response to temperature

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Butylated hydroxytoluene can protect polyunsaturated fatty acids in dried blood spots from degradation for up to 8 weeks at room temperature

Butylated hydroxytoluene can protect polyunsaturated fatty acids in dried blood spots from degradation for up to 8 weeks at room temperature

Temperature‐induced plasticity in egg size and resistance of eggs to temperature stress in a soil arthropod

Acclimation responses to temperature vary with vertical stratification: implications for vulnerability of soil‐dwelling species to extreme temperature events

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