Maximizing resource efficiency: opportunities for energy recovery from municipal solid waste in Europe

Shah, Hamad Hussain; Amin, Muhammad; Pepe, Francesco

doi:10.1007/s10163-023-01733-5

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…While gasification of plastic waste was observed as an energyintensive thermal process, plasma gasification showed promise for converting plastic waste into valuable products using a plasma torch, provided that the energy requirements could be met with renewable resources [68]. Notably, gasification systems have the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as evidenced by substantial emission reductions compared to traditional disposal methods in Europe [69].…”

Section: Gasification Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste from Different Polymers: New Trends

Saeed,

Attiq,

Ali

et al. 2024

BioSci Rev.

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Background For decades, the amount of global plastic waste has been increasing at an alarming level. Traditional landfill and incinerator treatments, on the other hand, result in air pollution and wastage of valuable land. Method This study examined recent advances in the recycling and recovery of plastic waste. A special emphasis was placed on trash derived from polyolefinic sources, which accounts for a substantial part of plastic products used in the daily lifecycle. The mechanical and chemical systems and technologies for plastic waste treatment were detailed and explored in this study. To ensure a comprehensive study, sixty-five (65) papers were carefully selected. The selected papers were published during the period 2015-2023. These papers were searched using web search engine Google Scholar and PubMed database and reviewed to derive meaningful insights. Results The findings determined that chemical recycling of plastic waste is a critical possibility to reduce marine and terrestrial pollution and enable the idea of circular economy to be implemented in today's world. Plastic waste poses both obstacles and opportunities to communities, independently of their level of environmental awareness or technical advancement. Moreover, mechanical processes utilize a variety of waste products as feedstock. Depending on their source, shape, and usage, these waste products can be reduced in size to a more acceptable shape and form (pellets, flakes, or powders). Conclusion Advanced thermo-chemical treatment methods encompass a wide range of technologies that produce either fuels or petrochemical feedstock. Although mechanical recycling schemes are well known and commonly used, many chemical recycling treatment techniques are more productive and widely used due to their economic benefits.

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Section: Gasification Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste from Different Polymers: New Trends

Saeed,

Attiq,

Ali

et al. 2024

BioSci Rev.

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“…The recovered energy can replace other sources of energy, such as coal, diesel, and natural gas, thereby conserving energy. This positive energy replacement effect also contributes to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions on a national level [16][17][18]. However, many studies have indicated that greenhouse gas emissions will inevitably increase in the future owing to the changing properties of waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Incinerator Performance and Policy Framework for Effective Waste Management and Energy Recovery: A Case Study of South Korea

Kwon,

Lee,

Bae

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Waste incineration is a crucial component of waste management as it is the final stage of circular utilization and the initial phase of disposal. Effective waste management prioritizes energy recovery from waste and substantial waste volume reduction while committing to minimizing air pollutant emissions, particularly nitrogen oxides (NOx). This study involves an in-depth analysis of operational data from 44 incineration facilities in South Korea spanning 5 years, supplemented by empirical measurements from 14 sites. This study aimed to assess three key aspects of these incineration facilities: (1) waste volume reduction characteristics, (2) energy recovery capabilities, and (3) NOx emission reduction performance. We examined how these elements interact within the policy framework governing incinerator management in South Korea. Quantitatively, incinerating 100 tons of municipal waste resulted in a gain of 338.7 m3 in landfill capacity and recovery of 637.5 GJ of energy in the form of heat or electricity. Notably, South Korean incineration facilities significantly extend the lifespan of landfill sites, aligning closely with the objectives of the South Korean Ministry of Environment’s “No More Direct Landfilling of Household Waste Policy”. This positive outcome is further reinforced by the “Incineration Tax Reduction Policy”, which incentivizes active efforts toward energy recovery during incineration. Our study provides decision-makers with valuable insights for achieving a harmonious equilibrium between environmental sustainability and resource utilization, thereby contributing to the continuous improvement of policies aimed at South Korea’s vision of achieving a circular economy.

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“…Approximately 2 billion tons of municipal solid waste is generated annually worldwide, of which at least 33% is not managed in an environmentally safe manner [1]. In Europe, over 1 billion tons of waste is generated each year, with the largest share being from construction and municipal management [2]. Generally, in developed countries, the continuous increase in generated waste calls for its reuse to minimise its impact [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Activity of a Municipal Waste Landfill Site in the Operational and Non-Operational Sectors Based on Landfill Gas Productivity

Przydatek,

Generowicz,

Kanownik

2024

Energies

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This research identifies the productivity of landfill gas actively captured at a municipal waste landfill site with a waste mass exceeding 1 million Mg from sectors in the operational and non-operational phases, considering meteorological conditions. Based on the analysis of landfill gas, including emissions and composition (CH4, CO2, O2, and other gases), the processes occurring demonstrate the impact of the decomposition of deposited waste on the activity of the deposit. With average monthly gas emissions exceeding 960,000 m3, the average content of CH4 (30–63%) and CO2 (18–42%) and the varied content of O2 (0.3–9.8%) in individual sectors of the landfill site were significant. The statistically significant relationship between CH4, CO2, and landfill gas emissions exhibited a noticeable decrease in methane content. Despite the abandonment of waste storage, a high correlation is present between the emission level and methane content (0.59) and carbon dioxide (0.50). In the operational part of the landfill, this relationship is also statistically significant but to a lesser extent; Spearman’s R-value was 0.42 for methane and 0.36 for carbon dioxide. The operational and post-operational phases of the municipal waste landfill demonstrated a noticeable impact from the amount of precipitation, relative humidity, and air temperature, on landfill gas productivity. The generally progressive decline in the activity of the waste deposit, which reflects a decreasing trend in the methane content of approximately 2% annually in the total composition of landfill gas, as well as the share below 50%, indicates the need only to utilise landfill without producing energy.

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Maximizing resource efficiency: opportunities for energy recovery from municipal solid waste in Europe

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste from Different Polymers: New Trends

Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste from Different Polymers: New Trends

Evaluation of Incinerator Performance and Policy Framework for Effective Waste Management and Energy Recovery: A Case Study of South Korea

Evaluation of the Activity of a Municipal Waste Landfill Site in the Operational and Non-Operational Sectors Based on Landfill Gas Productivity

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