Maximum endurance for battery-powered rotary-wing aircraft

Gatti, Mauro; Giulietti, Fabrizio; Turci, Monica

doi:10.1016/j.ast.2015.05.009

Cited by 71 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The success of these concepts, besides from relying on high performance electrical machines and PECs, will be strongly dependent on the technological development of energy storage systems. Modern electrochemical batteries have proven to be suitable for powering unmanned aerial vehicle and hybrid/electric light aircraft, for short endurance missions [90,109,113,114]. Nonetheless, for energising a fully-electric, short-haul civil aircraft, the energy density of the currently available battery technologies needs to improve by at least eight or ten-fold.…”

Section: B Future Aircraft Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Power Generation in Aircraft: Review, Challenges, and Opportunities

Madonna

Giangrande

Galea

2018

IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrific.

479

194

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Abstract-The constant growth of air traffic, the demand for performance optimization and the need for decreasing both operating and maintenance costs have encouraged the aircraft industry to move towards more electric solutions. As a result of this trend, electric power required on board of aircraft has significantly increased through the years, causing major changes in electric power system architectures. Considering this scenario, the paper gives a review about the evolution of electric power generation systems in aircraft. The major achievements are highlighted and the rationale behind some significant developments discussed. After a brief historical overview of the early DC generators (both wind-and engine-driven), the reasons which brought the definitive passage to the AC generation, for larger aircraft, are presented and explained. Several AC generation systems are investigated with particular attention being focused on the voltage levels and the generator technology. Further, examples of commercial aircraft implementing AC generation systems are provided. Finally, the trends towards modern generation systems are also considered giving prominence to their challenges and feasibility.

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Section: B Future Aircraft Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Power Generation in Aircraft: Review, Challenges, and Opportunities

Madonna

Giangrande

Galea

2018

IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrific.

479

194

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“…Thus, we have defined the transition probability in the SMDP from state s n = (i, r) under action q ∈ T r (i → j) as P(s n+1 = (j, 0)|s n = (i, r), q) = 1, ∀q ∈ T r (i → j). (9) In other words, the trajectory selection process in the communication phase can be described via a two-scale decision process: 1) given (i, r), i.e., the current position q i of the UAV and the request received from GN r , the UAV first selects some j ∈ I, which defines the target position q j to be reached at the end of the communication phase; 2) the UAV selects a feasible trajectory q from T r (i → j), executes the trajectory while communicating to GN r , and terminates the communication phase in the new position q j , corresponding to state (j, 0). After this point, the UAV is in the waiting phase again.…”

Section: Semi-markov Decision Process (Smdp) Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let p ww , p wc , p cw , and p cc be the probabilities of a state request status, r ∈ R = {0, 1, 2}, transitioning in the SMDP as 0→0, 0→{1, 2}, {1, 2}→0, and {1, 2}→{1, 2}, respectively. Then, p ww = e −λ∆0 (if no request is received, the SMDP remains in the waiting state), p wc = 1 − p ww , p cw = 1, and p cc = 0 (if the SMDP is in the communication state, the next state of the SMDP will be a waiting state, see (9)). Therefore, the steady-state probabilities of being in the waiting and communication states, π wait and π comm , satisfy π wait = p ww π wait + p cw π comm = e −λ∆0 π wait + π comm , π comm = p wc π wait + p cc π comm = (1 − e −λ∆0 )π wait , π wait + π comm = 1, whose solution is given as in the statement of the lemma.…”

Section: Policy Optimization and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While in practice the operation time of the UAV is constrained by the amount of energy stored in its battery, and the policy should depend on the amount of time left, the asymptotic case t → ∞ is convenient since it gives rise to stationary policies (i.e., time-independent); this is a good approximation when the dynamics of the waiting and communication phases occur at much faster time scales than the total travel time, i.e., when Mt in (2) is large for practical values of the travel time t. For perspective,[9] places typical rotary-wing hovering endurance times in the 15-30 minute range.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Trajectory Optimization for Rotary-Wing UAVs in Wireless Networks with Random Requests

Bliss

Michelusi

2019

2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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This paper studies the trajectory optimization problem in a scenario where a single rotary-wing UAV acts as a relay of data payloads for downlink transmission requests generated randomly by two ground nodes (GNs) in a wireless network. The goal is to optimize the UAV trajectory in order to minimize the expected average communication delay to serve these random requests. It is shown that the problem can be cast as a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP), and the resulting minimization problem is solved via multi-chain policy iteration. The optimality of a twoscale optimization approach is proved: the optimal trajectory in the communication phase greedily minimizes the communication delay of the current request while moving between the current start position and a target end position (inner optimization); the end positions are selected to minimize the expected average long-term delay in the SMDP (outer optimization). Numerical simulations show that the expected average delay is minimized when the UAV moves towards the geometric center of the GNs during phases in which it is not actively servicing transmission requests, and demonstrate significant improvements over sensible heuristics. Finally, it is revealed that the optimal end positions of communication phases become increasingly independent of the data payload, for large data payload values.

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“…In this system additional structure was added and it seems that additional components made the quadcopter design rather complex. The endurance 18 is an important issue in commercially used UAVs flying at various speeds. The propeller Reynolds number 16 play a vital role increasing the flight duration, means low Reynolds number insist to increase the flight duration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Rotational Energy Harvesting System to Enhance the Power Supply of the Quadcopter

Balraj

Ganesan

2020

Def. Sc. Jl.

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This paper presents a simple energy harvesting system using unpowered freewheeling propellers mounted on the quadcopter without changing its actual design. Different layout configurations have been analysed and its thrust variation also tested to place the harvesting system in a suitable place in the quadcopter. The same and different size freewheeling propellers running coordination and its speed ratio are examined at various speed. To know the flow performance the freewheeling propellers Reynolds number is calculated. The freewheeling propellers rotational energy which creates an electrical power by means of micro BLDC generator. The harvested energy from the BLDC generator is maximized using three-phase MOSFET enabled controlled rectifier with hysteresis comparator. To meet the requirement of powering the quadcopter the output voltage from the generator is boosted and regulated using single DC-DC SEPIC boost converter with high voltage and current range. This energy can be directly charge secondary battery or power the other electronic payloads. The freewheeling propeller energy harvesting system has been implemented and tested in the laboratory at static condition which gives 51 per cent of harvested current.

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Maximum endurance for battery-powered rotary-wing aircraft

Cited by 71 publications

References 10 publications

Electrical Power Generation in Aircraft: Review, Challenges, and Opportunities

Electrical Power Generation in Aircraft: Review, Challenges, and Opportunities

Trajectory Optimization for Rotary-Wing UAVs in Wireless Networks with Random Requests

Indirect Rotational Energy Harvesting System to Enhance the Power Supply of the Quadcopter

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