Maximum Energies of Trapped Particles Around Magnetized Planets and Small Bodies

Oran, R.; Weiss, B. P.; Santacruz‐Pich, Maria Soria; Jun, I.; Lawrence, D. J.; Polanskey, C.; Ratliff, J. M.; Raymond, C. A.; Ream, J. B.; Russell, C. T.; Shprits, Y. Y.; Zuber, M. T.; Elkins‐Tanton, L. T.

doi:10.1029/2021gl097014

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…More recently, three-dimensional hybrid codes have modeled asteroids with permanent moments at or above the upper limit expected for Psyche (Fatemi and Poppe 2018 ; Oran et al. 2022 ; Simon et al. 2006 ).…”

Section: Planetesimal and Asteroid Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have conducted new three-dimensional hybrid simulations of electrically conducting Psyche-like bodies with lower remanent magnetization (following the approach described in Oran et al. 2022 ) (Fig. 7 ).…”

Section: Planetesimal and Asteroid Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solar wind has a density of 1 particle , a speed of , an IMF magnitude of 1 nT, an electron temperature of 100,000 K and a proton temperature of 40,000 K. These are typical conditions for slow wind streams in the asteroid belt (Fatemi and Poppe 2018 ; Oran et al. 2022 ). The simulations were performed using the HYB code (Kallio et al.…”

Section: Planetesimal and Asteroid Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that if we instead assume a fine-scale magnetization at the upper end of known iron meteorites with 40-km coherence scale, the moment would be two orders of magnitude larger than this value (Oran et al. 2022 ), while a uniformly magnetized body with this magnetization would be three orders of magnitude larger. Note that although a spherical body containing magnetization acquired solely by a steady field of internal origin will produce no external remanent field (Runcorn 1975 ), Psyche’s nonsphericity (Shepard et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Psyche Magnetometry Investigation

et al. 2023

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The objective of the Psyche Magnetometry Investigation is to test the hypothesis that asteroid (16) Psyche formed from the core of a differentiated planetesimal. To address this, the Psyche Magnetometer will measure the magnetic field around the asteroid to search for evidence of remanent magnetization. Paleomagnetic measurements of meteorites and dynamo theory indicate that a diversity of planetesimals once generated dynamo magnetic fields in their metallic cores. Likewise, the detection of a strong magnetic moment ($>2\times10^{14}~\text{Am}^{2}$ > 2 × 10 14 Am 2 ) at Psyche would likely indicate that the body once generated a core dynamo, implying that it formed by igneous differentiation. The Psyche Magnetometer consists of two three-axis fluxgate Sensor Units (SUs) mounted 0.7 m apart along a 2.15-m long boom and connected to two Electronics Units (EUs) located within the spacecraft bus. The Magnetometer samples at up to 50 Hz, has a range of $\pm80{,}000~\text{nT}$ ± 80 , 000 nT , and an instrument noise of $39~\text{pT}\,\text{axis}^{-1}\,3\sigma $ 39 pT axis − 1 3 σ integrated over 0.1 to 1 Hz. The two pairs of SUs and EUs provide redundancy and enable gradiometry measurements to suppress noise from flight system magnetic fields. The Magnetometer will be powered on soon after launch and acquire data for the full duration of the mission. The ground data system processes the Magnetometer measurements to obtain an estimate of Psyche’s dipole moment.

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Section: Planetesimal and Asteroid Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Planetesimal and Asteroid Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Planetesimal and Asteroid Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Psyche Magnetometry Investigation

et al. 2023

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“…where Rp is the radius of the body, mH is the mass of a hydrogen ion, n = 2 cm -3 is the density of the solar wind at the asteroid belt, V = 400 km/s is the solar wind velocity, and f = 2 is a geometric factor 36 . B is the field strength on the magnetic equator on the surface.…”

Section: Magnetopause Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition and Preservation of Remanent Magnetization in Carbonaceous Asteroids

et al. 2022

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The solar nebula carried a strong magnetic field that had a stable intensity and direction for periods of a thousand years or more 1 . The solar nebular field may have produced post-accretional magnetization in at least two groups of meteorites, CM and CV chondrites 1-3 , which originated from planetesimals that may have underwent aqueous alteration before gas in the solar nebula dissipated 1,3 . Magnetic minerals produced during aqueous alteration, such as magnetite and pyrrhotite 4 , could acquire a chemical remanent magnetization from that nebular field 3 . However, many questions about the size, composition, formation time, and, ultimately, identity of the parent bodies that produced magnetized CM and CV chondrites await answers-including whether a parent body might exhibit a detectable magnetic field today. Here, we use thermal evolution models to show that planetesimals that formed between a few Myr after CAIs and ~1 Myr before the nebular gas dissipated could acquire from the nebular field, and retain until today, a chemical remanent magnetization throughout nearly their entire volume. Hence, in-situ magnetometer measurements of C-type asteroids could help link magnetized asteroids to magnetized meteorites. Specifically, a future mission could search for a magnetic field as part of testing the hypothesis that 2 Pallas is the parent body of the CM chondrites 5 . Overall, large carbonaceous asteroids might record ancient magnetic fields in magnetic remanence that produces strong modern magnetic fields, even without a metallic core that once hosted a dynamo.

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A Post‐Launch Summary of the Science of NASA's Psyche Mission

Dibb,

Asphaug,

Bell

et al. 2024

AGU Advances

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Astronomical observations indicate that asteroid (16) Psyche is a large, high‐density (likely >3,400 kg·m−3), metal‐rich (30–55 vol. %) asteroid. Psyche may be remnant core material or it could be a primordial, undifferentiated metal‐rich object. We discuss the science objectives of the upcoming Psyche mission, which will employ three instruments (the Magnetometer, Multispectral Imager, and Gamma‐Ray and Neutron Spectrometer) and will use Doppler tracking of the spacecraft to explore the asteroid. This mission will shed light on the nature and origins of metal‐rich objects in the solar system and beyond, including the cores of the terrestrial planets.

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Maximum Energies of Trapped Particles Around Magnetized Planets and Small Bodies

Cited by 5 publications

References 76 publications

The Psyche Magnetometry Investigation

The Psyche Magnetometry Investigation

Acquisition and Preservation of Remanent Magnetization in Carbonaceous Asteroids

A Post‐Launch Summary of the Science of NASA's Psyche Mission

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