May Measurement Month 2017: Results from Cabo Verde—Sub-Saharan Africa

Self Cite

Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden in Cabo Verde. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017 to raise awareness of high BP. In 2018, we aimed to expand the campaign by including a greater number of centres to increase awareness. Nine islands participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 98.0% of screenees provided three BP readings and multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. A total of 8008 individuals (mean age 40.4 years; 68.5% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 2666 (33.3%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 74.8% were aware of their previous diagnosis and 55.8% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 39.1% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 21.8% were controlled. We detected 44.2% of individuals with untreated hypertension and 60.9% of treated individuals were inadequately treated. The Cape Verdean population is ageing and consequently cardiovascular disease is increasing, with hypertension being an important risk factor. Corrective actions need to be taken by the government. MMM is an ideal initiative to reach the public by raising awareness of this major cardiovascular risk factor.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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May Measurement Month 2018: an analyses of blood pressure screening results from Cabo Verde

Azevedo

Dias

Soares

et al. 2020

Self Cite

“…The simplicity of the MMM study and its little cost of resources contributed greatly to the considerable success of the campaign in our country. 6 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Mauritius

Ori

Kowlessur

Heecharan

et al. 2020

Self Cite

Hypertension is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10 million deaths each year. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative of the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) aimed at raising awareness of high blood pressure (HBP) and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. We here provide the results of the 2018 MMM (MMM18) edition in Mauritius. This cross-sectional survey of participants aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2018. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mmHg or both. Blood pressure (BP) measurement and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Screening was conducted by Non-Communicable Diseases and Health Promotion Unit, which is under the aegis of the Ministry of Health and Quality of Life, mainly in workplaces and community centres, in both rural and urban areas across Mauritius. Of 5471 individuals screened, after multiple imputation, 786 (14.4%) had untreated hypertension. MMM18 was the largest BP screening campaign undertaken in Mauritius. These results suggest that MMM18 is very useful to identify significant numbers of patients with raised BP.

May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Cape Verde

Azevedo

Dias

Garcia³

et al. 2021

The Cabo Verdean population is aging and, consequently, non-communicable diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases, are increasing, with hypertension being an important risk factor. Following Cabo Verde's engagement with the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign, in 2019, it was possible to improve the screening capacity, at the same time that a major social mobilization campaign was carried out to improve the population's knowledge about raised blood pressure (BP) and its consequences. With activities on nine islands, telemedicine was used to train researchers and volunteers. The MMM app was used to collect participant data. Individuals aged ≥18 years were recruited through opportunistic sampling. Each participant completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors and had three BP measurements and weight and height measurements. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg (mean of the second and third readings), or when using antihypertensive medication. When respondents did not provide three BP readings, multiple imputation using chained equations was used to calculate the mean of the second and third readings. A total of 17 627 individuals [mean age of 42.7 (SD 16.2); 63.8% women] were screened. After multiple imputation, 5990 (34.0%) had hypertension, of which 68.4% knew the diagnosis previously and 51.3% used antihypertensive drugs. The reported use of antihypertensive medication and a previous diagnosis of hypertension were strong predictors of higher levels of systolic and diastolic BP. Corrective actions were taken with an updated national protocol for hypertension treatment in primary health care. The II Non-Communicable Diseases Survey corroborated MMM national data that we see as an ideal initiative to reach the public, raising awareness about this important cardiovascular risk factor and providing political decision instruments.