Maze procedures: the radial-arm and water maze compared

Hodges, Helen

doi:10.1016/0926-6410(96)00004-3

Cited by 376 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This is consistent with, and may help to explain, the reported discrepancies between the effects of septal cholinergic lesions on acquisition of MWM versus land-based (e.g., T-maze) tasks. While both types of tasks can be used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, the levels of stress are higher in a water maze task due to the aversive environment of the pool [18,24]. Therefore, performance of the DMP T-maze task may be more sensitive to the SAP lesion because it is less aversive.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aversive stimulus attenuates impairment of acquisition in a delayed match to position T-maze task caused by a selective lesion of septo-hippocampal cholinergic projections

Fitz¹,

Gibbs²,

Johnson³

2006

Brain Research Bulletin

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Infusion of 192 IgG-saporin (SAP) into the medial septum (MS) of rats selectively destroys cholinergic neurons projecting to the hippocampus and impairs acquisition of a delayed matching to position (DMP) T-maze task. The present study evaluated whether introduction of a mild aversive stimulus 30 min prior to training would attenuate the deficit in DMP acquisition caused by the SAP lesions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received medial septal infusions of either artificial cerebrospinal fluid or SAP (0.22 μg in 1.0 μl). Fourteen days later, all animals were trained to perform the DMP task. Half of the SAP-treated animals and controls received an intraperitoneal injection of saline each day, 30 min prior to training. Results show that intraperitoneal saline attenuated the impairment in DMP acquisition in SAP lesioned rats. These results suggest that a mild aversive stimulus can attenuate cognitive deficits caused by medial septal cholinergic lesions.

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Section: Potential Mechanisms and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aversive stimulus attenuates impairment of acquisition in a delayed match to position T-maze task caused by a selective lesion of septo-hippocampal cholinergic projections

Fitz¹,

Gibbs²,

Johnson³

2006

Brain Research Bulletin

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“…To examine whether chronic maternal stress has a long-lasting influence on hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, we assessed the effects of maternal stress on the performance of adult offspring in the spatial working memory version of the eight-arm radial maze task, which is known to be dependent on the hippocampus (Lanke et al, 1993;Hodges, 1996). In each session, mice had to visit each of the eight arms only once to earn the greatest reward, because reentry of an arm already visited was not rewarded and was counted as a working memory error.…”

Section: Impaired Spatial Memory But Normal S-r Habit Learning In Matmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Stress Produces Learning Deficits Associated with Impairment of NMDA Receptor-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity

Geum²,

et al. 2006

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Stress in adulthood can have a profound effect on physiology and behavior, but the extent to which prolonged maternal stress affects the brain function of offspring when they are adult remains primarily unknown. In the present work, chronic immobilization stress to pregnant mice affected fetal growth and development. When pups born from stressed mice were reared to adulthood in an environment identical to that of nonstressed controls, several physiological parameters were essentially unaltered. However, spatial learning and memory was significantly impaired in the maternally stressed offspring in adulthood. Furthermore, electrophysiological examination revealed a significant reduction in NMDA receptor-mediated long-term potentiation in the CA1 area of hippocampal slices. Subsequent biochemical analysis demonstrated a substantial decrease in NR1 and NR2B subunits of the NMDA receptor in synapses of the hippocampus, and the interaction between these two subunits appeared to be reduced. These results suggest that prolonged maternal stress leads to long-lasting malfunction of the hippocampus, which extends to and is manifested in adulthood.

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“…The moving platform water maze and radial arm maze protocols are used to assess working memory in laboratory rodents (Hodges, 1996). In rodent tasks, working memory defines a cognitive process to store and manipulate information relevant only for a short period of time or within a session (Dudchenko, 2004).…”

Section: Working Memory Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant Deficits in Working Memory and Fear Extinction Are Functionally Dissociated from Reduced Anxiety in Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 7-Deficient Mice

Callaerts-Végh

Beckers

Ball

et al. 2006

Journal of Neuroscience

152

124

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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7), a receptor with a distinct brain distribution and a putative role in anxiety, emotional responding, and spatial working memory, could be an interesting therapeutic target for fear and anxiety disorders. mGluR7-deficient (mGluR7 Ϫ/Ϫ ) mice showed essentially normal performance in tests for neuromotor and exploratory activity and passive avoidance learning but prominent anxiolytic behavior in two anxiety tests. They showed a delayed learning curve during the acquisition of the hidden-platform water maze, and three interspersed probe trials indicated that mGluR7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice were slower to acquire spatial information. Working memory in the water maze task and the radial arm maze was impaired in mGluR7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice compared with mGluR7 ϩ/ϩ . mGluR7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice also displayed a higher resistance to extinction of fear-elicited response suppression in a conditioned emotional response protocol. In a non-fear-based water maze protocol, mGluR7 Ϫ/Ϫ mice displayed similar delayed extinction. These observed behavioral changes are probably not attributable to changes in AMPA or NMDA receptor function because expression levels of AMPA and NMDA receptors were unaltered. Extinction of conditioned fear is an active and context-dependent form of inhibitory learning and an experimental model for therapeutic fear reduction. It appears to depend on glutamatergic and higher-level brain functions similar to those involved in spatial working memory but functionally dissociated from those that mediate constitutional responses in anxiety tests.

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Maze procedures: the radial-arm and water maze compared

Cited by 376 publications

References 47 publications

Aversive stimulus attenuates impairment of acquisition in a delayed match to position T-maze task caused by a selective lesion of septo-hippocampal cholinergic projections

Aversive stimulus attenuates impairment of acquisition in a delayed match to position T-maze task caused by a selective lesion of septo-hippocampal cholinergic projections

Maternal Stress Produces Learning Deficits Associated with Impairment of NMDA Receptor-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity

Concomitant Deficits in Working Memory and Fear Extinction Are Functionally Dissociated from Reduced Anxiety in Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 7-Deficient Mice

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