Meal duration mediates the effect of “social facilitation” on eating in humans

Pliner, Patricia; Bell, Rick; Hirsch, Edward; Kinchla, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2005.12.003

Cited by 80 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This potential role of meal duration in social influences on food intake is consistent with results of previous investigations performed among free-living individuals (de Castro, 1990;Feunekes et al, 1995) or in laboratory settings (Pliner et al, 2006). However, relationships between deviations from protein requirements and both the number of agentic behaviours performed by participants and the complementarity of communal behaviours were still present even after accounting for meal duration effects, which suggests that the impact of the nature of the interactions may go beyond mere meal extension effects of interactions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Nutritional implications of patient–provider interactions in hospital settings: evidence from a within-subject assessment of mealtime exchanges and food intake in elderly patients

Dubé

Paquet

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To examine the nutritional implications of the interactions taking place between patients and care providers during mealtimes in hospital settings. Specifically, we tested research propositions that the amount and nature of interpersonal behaviours exchanged between patients and providers impact patients' food intake. These propositions were derived from prior evidence of social influences on eating behaviour and a well-established framework that identifies two fundamental modalities of human interaction: striving for mastery and power (agency) and efforts to promote union with others (communion). Design: In a within-subject naturalistic study, participants were observed on multiple meals (n ¼ 1477, 46.2 meals/participant on average), during which participants' and providers' agency-and communion-related behaviours and patients' protein and energy intake were recorded. Meal-level frequency and complementarity of patients' and providers' behaviours were computed to test research propositions. Setting: Dining room of a geriatric rehabilitation unit. Subjects: Thirty-two elderly patients (21 females, mean age:78.8, 95% CI: 76.4, 81.1). Results: Meal-level frequency of patient-provider exchanges (P ¼ 0.016) and patients' agency-related behaviours (P ¼ 0.029), as well as mutual reciprocation of patients' and providers' communion-related behaviours (P ¼ 0.015) on a given meal were positively linked to protein intake. Higher energy intake was found during meals where patients expressed more agency-related behaviours (P ¼ 0.029). Conclusion: Results present evidence that the amount and nature of patient-provider interpersonal exchanges on a given meal influence the nutritional quality of food intake in hospitalized elderly. They provide insights into how to improve the design and delivery of routine care to this malnutrition-prone population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Nutritional implications of patient–provider interactions in hospital settings: evidence from a within-subject assessment of mealtime exchanges and food intake in elderly patients

Dubé

Paquet

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The size of the group was not found to be significant. The authors concluded their findings support the notion that previous studies who did find group size had an effect on food intake were actually influenced by meal duration instead of group size (Pliner et al, 2006).…”

Section: Methods For Collecting Datasupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Many studies pertaining to food purchasing behavior, preparation methods, and consumption tendencies use food frequency questionnaires for collecting data (Brunner, van der Horst and Siegrist, 2010;Hopping, et al, 2010;Pliner et al, 2006), or dietary recalls (Shay, et al, 2012), in an attempt to document how often specific food items are consumed. Others use administered, face-to-face interviews (Turrell and Kavanagh, 2006).…”

Section: Methods For Collecting Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings were opposite those found in laboratory settings, whereas the results of the "unrestrained eaters" were fairly similar to lab findings (Tomiyama, Mann, and Comer, 2009 and a data collection period of two days compared to one week. Pliner, et al (2006) looked at the influence atmosphere might have on food consumption.…”

Section: Methods For Collecting Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The researchers measured the amount of food ingested by study participants, and assessed if it was a consequence of the number of "coeaters" present (Pliner et al, 2006).…”

Section: Methods For Collecting Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Women and Their “Food Time” an Investigation Into Food Purchases, Preparation, and Consumption Atmosphere Using Smartphone Survey Technology

Jaeger¹

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Women's food purchasing and eating habits have been studied in detail, but are still not entirely understood. Prior research has sought to segment the female food shopper market, but typically use only demographic characteristics. In this study, fifty females were recruited in San Luis Obispo, CA from March 2012 to May 2012 to keep an electronic food-time diary for one week. By collecting information through surveys distributed using a smartphone application, SurveySwipe, the study investigated the amount of time expended for each meal, as well as the manner in which the meal was prepared or purchased, and the context surrounding the eating situation, for a period of seven days. A segmentation of these female food consumers was then formed in order to demonstrate that by using attitudinal and behavioral data, a unique segmentation scheme may be achieved, different than would have resulted using only demographic information.For the data analysis, four principal components analyses were conducted followed by subsequent cluster analyses, followed by ANOVA and Chi-Square tests. Study participants were segmented in four distinct sets of clusters, or consumer groups. Of the four sets of clusters formed, one was created using solely demographic variables, whereas the other three used "food time" variables comprised of behavioral and attitudinal information. It may be inferred from the results that the behavior of the participants within each cluster was similar regarding a particular variable being tested, while it differed from the behavior of participants in other clusters (regarding the same variable being tested). Specifically, an abundance of key, significant differences were found with the "food time" variables.The study supports the use of variables related to "food time" allocation and the context of the eating situation as they relate to the purchase, preparation, and consumption of food, instead of only demographic attributes. The results will be useful for food marketers and product developers seeking to understand how food fits into the lives of female consumers with diverse roles and behaviors, in addition to being valuable for segmenting a select market or targeting a particular customer type.

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Effect of Longer Family Meals on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Intake

et al. 2023

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ImportanceFamily meals are a formative learning environment that shapes children’s food choices and preferences. As such, they are an ideal setting for efforts to improve children’s nutritional health.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of extending the duration of family meals on the fruit and vegetable intake in children.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial used a within-dyad manipulation design and was conducted from November 8, 2016, to May 5, 2017, in a family meal laboratory in Berlin, Germany. Included in the trial were children aged 6 to 11 years who did not follow a special diet or have food allergies and adult parents who served as the nutritional gatekeeper in the household (ie, the family member responsible for at least half of the food planning and preparation). All participants underwent 2 conditions: control, defined as regular family mealtime duration, and intervention, defined as 50% longer mealtime duration (10 minutes longer on average). Participants were randomized to the condition they would complete first. Statistical analyses of the full sample were conducted between June 2 and October 30, 2022.InterventionsParticipants had 2 free evening meals under different conditions. In the control or regular condition, each dyad ate in the same amount of time as their reported regular mealtime duration. In the intervention or longer condition, each dyad had 50% more time to eat than their reported regular mealtime duration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the number of pieces of fruits and vegetables eaten by the child during a meal.ResultsA total of 50 parent-child dyads participated in the trial. Parents had a mean (range) age of 43 (28-55 years) years and were predominantly mothers (36 [72%]). Children had a mean (range) age of 8 (6-11) years and included an equal number of girls and boys (25 [50%]). Children ate significantly more pieces of fruits (t49 = 2.36, P = .01; mean difference [MD], 3.32 [95% CI, 0.96 to ∞]; Cohen d = 0.33) and vegetables (t49 = 3.66, P &lt; .001; MD, 4.05 [95% CI, 2.19 to ∞]; Cohen d = 0.52) in the longer condition than in the regular mealtime duration condition. Consumption of bread and cold cuts did not significantly differ between conditions. The children’s eating rate (bites per minute over the regular mealtime duration) was significantly lower in the longer than in the regular condition (t49 = −7.60, P &lt; .001; MD, −0.72 [95% CI, −0.56 to ∞]; Cohen d = 1.08). Children reported significantly higher satiety after the longer condition (V = 36.5, P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial suggest that the simple, low-threshold intervention of increasing family mealtime duration by approximately 10 minutes can improve the quality of children’s diet and eating behavior. The findings underscore the potential for such an intervention to improve public health.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03127579

show abstract

Meal duration mediates the effect of “social facilitation” on eating in humans

Cited by 80 publications

References 28 publications

Nutritional implications of patient–provider interactions in hospital settings: evidence from a within-subject assessment of mealtime exchanges and food intake in elderly patients

Nutritional implications of patient–provider interactions in hospital settings: evidence from a within-subject assessment of mealtime exchanges and food intake in elderly patients

Women and Their “Food Time” an Investigation Into Food Purchases, Preparation, and Consumption Atmosphere Using Smartphone Survey Technology

Effect of Longer Family Meals on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Intake

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