Mean activity coefficients of NaCl in (sodium chloride + sodium bicarbonate+ water) fromT= (293.15 to 308.15) K

Ji, Xiaoyan; Lü, Xiaohua; Lin, Weilu; Zhang, Luzheng; Wang, Yanru; Jun, Shi; Lu, Benjamin C.‐Y.

doi:10.1006/jcht.2000.0827

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…cell electromotive force, emf) is measured and the Nernst equation is applied to obtain the mean ionic activity coefficient of an electrolyte. A number of studies (Breil et al, 2001;Haghtalab and Vera, 1991;Han and Pan, 1993;Ji et al, 2001) have suggested that good results can be obtained by using two ion selective electrodes (ISEs), with the cation ISE being the indicator electrode and the anion ISE the reference electrode. For a type I cell where only a single electrolyte is present, the cell with two ISEs may be expressed as cation ISE|electrolyte(m S ), H 2 O|anion ISE, where m S is the electrolyte molality.…”

Section: Brief Outline Of the Potentiometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A steady-state shifting technique for the potentiometric method: Application to supersaturated solutions

Han

Tan

2006

Chemical Engineering Science

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Section: Brief Outline Of the Potentiometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For an actual cell, the value of the slope S at a given temperature is usually derived from a linear graphical plot of experimental data of E I vs ln(m S I ± ) (Bates et al, 1983;Ji et al, 2001;Khoshkbarchi and Vera, 1996b).…”

Section: Brief Outline Of the Potentiometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A steady-state shifting technique for the potentiometric method: Application to supersaturated solutions

Han

Tan

2006

Chemical Engineering Science

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An Investigation of Harned’s Rule for Predicting the Activity Coefficients of Strong Aqueous Electrolyte Solution Mixtures at 25 °C

Rowland

May

2016

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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From a critical evaluation of the relevant literature, Harned coefficients at 25 °C and their corresponding trace activity coefficients are reported for 72 mixtures of strong aqueous electrolytes with a common ion. The work confirms the generality of Harned’s rule in its simplest form, that is, with only one (linear) term. Uncertainties in predicted mean activity coefficients are typically less than 0.01, comparable with the experimental reproducibility. Unless there are good grounds to suggest that significant changes in chemical speciation are occurring, experimental measurements that do not conform to the rule should be regarded with suspicion. We find that the estimates of errors made by authors of single potentiometric investigations are often as much as an order of magnitude too optimistic. Even the work of Harned and colleagues, which was typically of high quality, is sometimes much worse than is claimed or implied in the literature. The unfortunately common practice of introducing a quadratic term (as a second adjustable parameter) to extend Harned’s rule is unjustified, within the true current limits of experimental error. Harned’s rule with just one coefficient provides a description of aqueous strong electrolyte mixing thermodynamics which is widely applicable, satisfactorily accurate, and without sign of any systematic problem.

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Extension of the AIOMFAC model by iodine and carbonate species: applications for aerosol acidity and cloud droplet activation

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Iodine and carbonate species are important components in marine and dust aerosols, respectively. The non-ideal interactions between these species and other inorganic and organic compounds within aqueous particle phases affect hygroscopicity, acidity, and gas–particle partitioning of semivolatile components. In this work, we present an extended version of the Aerosol Inorganic–Organic Mixtures Functional groups Activity Coefficients (AIOMFAC) model by incorporating the ions I−, IO3-, HCO3-, CO32-, OH−, and CO2(aq) as new species. First, AIOMFAC ion interaction parameters for aqueous solutions were determined based on available thermodynamic data, such as water activity, mean molal activity coefficients, solubility, and vapor–liquid equilibrium measurements. Second, the interaction parameters for the new ions and various organic functional groups were optimized based on experimental data or, where data are scarce, alternative estimation methods such as multiple linear regression or a simple substitution by analogy approach. Additional bulk water activity and electrodynamic balance measurements were carried out to augment the database for the AIOMFAC parameter fit. While not optimal, we show that the use of alternative parameter estimation methods enables physically sound predictions and offers the benefit of a more broadly applicable model. Our implementation of the aqueous carbonate–bicarbonate–CO2(aq) system accounts for the associated temperature-dependent dissociation equilibria explicitly and enables closed- or open-system computations with respect to carbon dioxide equilibration with the gas phase. We discuss different numerical approaches for solving the coupled equilibrium conditions and highlight critical considerations when extremely acidic or basic mixtures are encountered. The fitted AIOMFAC model performance for inorganic aqueous systems is considered excellent over the whole range of mixture compositions where reference data are available. Moreover, the model provides physically meaningful predictions of water activity under highly concentrated conditions. For organic–inorganic mixtures involving new species, the model–measurement agreement is found to be good in most cases, especially at equilibrium relative humidities above ∼ 70 %; reasons for deviations are discussed. Several applications of the extended model are shown and discussed, including the effects of ignoring the auto-dissociation of water in carbonate systems, the effects of mixing bisulfate and bicarbonate compounds in closed- or open-system scenarios on pH and solution speciation, and the prediction of critical cloud condensation nucleus activation of NaI or Na2CO3 particles mixed with suberic acid.

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Mean activity coefficients of NaCl in (sodium chloride + sodium bicarbonate+ water) fromT= (293.15 to 308.15) K

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

A steady-state shifting technique for the potentiometric method: Application to supersaturated solutions

A steady-state shifting technique for the potentiometric method: Application to supersaturated solutions

An Investigation of Harned’s Rule for Predicting the Activity Coefficients of Strong Aqueous Electrolyte Solution Mixtures at 25 °C

Extension of the AIOMFAC model by iodine and carbonate species: applications for aerosol acidity and cloud droplet activation

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