Mean glycosylated hemoglobin in children with type 1 diabetes at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Alsaheel, Abdulhameed Y; Alayed, Sulaiman I; Alotaibi, Yazzan M; Alfahhad, Aseel Abdulkarim; Alothman, Othman Majed; Alnefaie, Hissah F

doi:10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_173_20

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We found that the mean HbA1c in our study population was 10.70%, which appears to be moderate high level compared to the values of HbA1c recommended for 10.6% in the result of (Alsaheel et al, 2020) at Saudi Arabia previous study [18]. It is also to be to higher compared than values reported in previous studies; the mean HbA1c was 7.8% in Germany and Austria, 7.6% (± SD 1.5) for Polish children and adolescents with long-term type 1 diabetes, and >9.3% in more than half (53%) of the patients in a study conducted in Sweden [19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Assessment of Cumulative Glycated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Alzawia Diabetic Patients

Alzubidy,

Alrawi

2023

Cross Current Int J Med Biosci

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As a result of the pancreas not secreting the hormone insulin or secreting it in a low concentration, as the hormone is important in enhancing the ability of glucose to enter cells and produce energy, and the cumulative glucose analysis is HbA1c, also known as glycated hemoglobin, which is a product of glucose adhesion in the body with red blood cells (RBC). The pellets are effective from two to three months, and for this reason, 3 cumulative glucose readings are taken for the same period. This study was conducted at Al-Zawiya Central Hospital, Children’s Department, for 100 children with type 1 diabetes, of whom 46 were males and 54 were females, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the cumulative sugar levels for children and adolescents with diabetes, as the study showed a weakness in the cumulative rate, which was high at a rate of 10.6%, and a lack of care for diabetes with a lack of regular exercise.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Assessment of Cumulative Glycated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Alzawia Diabetic Patients

Alzubidy,

Alrawi

2023

Cross Current Int J Med Biosci

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“…The duration of diabetes also affects glycaemic control. As the age and duration of the disease increase, the glycaemic control worsens, as shown by the recent study [ 10 , 11 ]. The honeymoon phase and supervised parental care in the early years of diagnosis are factors associated with better glycaemic control in the early years after diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Various factors influence diabetic control including age, gender, duration of disease, rural status, access to insurance and health care, and associated autoimmune diseases. However, the data on predictors affecting glycaemic control are scarce and variable [ 5 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycaemic control and factors affecting it in type 1 diabetes in children: experience from a tertiary care centre in India

Dayal¹,

Yadav²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Optimal glycaemic control is essential for the prevention of future micro-and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The type of insulin, the type of insulin delivery device, the caregiver's knowledge, the patient's age, duration of diabetes, and self-monitoring of blood glucose affect glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes. In the present study, we analysed glycaemic control and factors affecting it at a tertiary care centre in northern India. Material and methods: A retrospective review of records of patients registered between 2015 and 2018 was done. The data on demographic and disease-related factors were collected from the records. The different groups were compared with the t-test, oneway ANOVA, or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results:The mean age at the time of evaluation was 10.43 ±4.04 years (2-21 years), and the mean disease duration was 46.61 ±28.49 months (16-141 months). Most of the patients were prepubertal and using a basal-bolus regimen. The mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c ) was 7.96 ±1.46%, but only 24% had HbA 1c below the International Society of Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) recommended desirable level of below 7%. Forty-six patients suffered one or more micro-macrovascular complications, and dyslipidaemia was the most common complication. Children with a longer duration of disease (8.39 ±1.42% vs. 7.59 ±1.65%), an episode of DKA (diabetes ketoacidosis) within a year of evaluation (9.19 ±2.54% vs. 7.93 ±1.39%), lower maternal (8.22 ±1.37% vs. 7.56 ±1.45%) and paternal education (8.26 ±1.67% vs. 7.78 ±1.30%), and hyperthyroid state (9.43 ±2.28% vs. 7.91 ±1.45%) had higher HbA 1c . Conclusions: Better diabetes education focusing on parents with lower education strata and children with longer disease duration and poor compliance can help improve glycaemic control in developing countries like India.

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Measuring the Impact of Flash Glucose Monitoring in a Pediatric Population in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

et al. 2022

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Introduction Measurement of glucose levels is the mainstay method of ensuring good glycemic control and preventing complications associated with uncontrolled diabetes. Continuous glucose monitoring enables easy and effective monitoring of interstitial glucose around the clock and hence improves glycemic control. Objectives This study aimed to measure the effect of continuous glucose monitoring on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 3, 6, and 9 months following sensor insertion. Methods A retrospective cohort study of pediatric and adolescent type 1 diabetes mellitus patients randomly sampled from 32 Ministry of Health diabetes centers across Saudi Arabia was performed. Patients were subjected to flash glucose monitoring using the FreeStyle ® Libre flash glucose monitoring system (Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, UK), an intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring device approved by the Conformité Européenne in 2014. These patients were first-time users of any kind of continuous glucose monitoring system, aged 4–18 years, and received insulin via multiple dose injection or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion for at least 6 months prior to study start. Patients were excluded if they had used flash glucose monitoring or other interstitial glucose monitoring systems in the past 3 months, were pregnant, or had existing hemoglobinopathies. The flash glucose monitoring sensor was attached to the back of the upper arm at the baseline visit. HbA1c (%) was measured at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months. Patient demographics were collected from electronic health records. Results 1,307 patients were included, with a mean age of 11.1 years (standard deviation 3.6 years). Where specified, 51.4% were female. Mean HbA1c significantly reduced from baseline (10.8%) to 3 months (9.8%, p < 0.001), 6 months (9.2%, p < 0.001), and 9 months (9.1%, p < 0.001). For individuals with baseline HbA1c > 9%, mean HbA1c was significantly reduced from baseline (11.7%) to 3 months (10.3%, p < 0.001), 6 months (9.6%, p < 0.001), and 9 months (9.5%, p < 0.001). Conclusions Flash glucose monitoring significantly reduced HbA1c levels at 3, 6, and 9 months following sensor insertion. This reduction was greatest in those patients with higher HbA1c at baseline (> 9%).

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Mean glycosylated hemoglobin in children with type 1 diabetes at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Assessment of Cumulative Glycated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Alzawia Diabetic Patients

Assessment of Cumulative Glycated Hemoglobin in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Alzawia Diabetic Patients

Glycaemic control and factors affecting it in type 1 diabetes in children: experience from a tertiary care centre in India

Measuring the Impact of Flash Glucose Monitoring in a Pediatric Population in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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