Mean nuclear volume: a supplementary prognostic factor in endometrial cancer

Mogensen, Ole; Sørensen, Flemming Brandt; Bichel, P.; Jakobsen, Anders

doi:10.1046/j.1525-1438.1999.09829.x

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Thus, by altering nuclear-cytoplasmic volume ratios, it might be possible to significantly alter the efficacy of the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic NF-κB signaling capacity of a cell. Interestingly, a large body of literature demonstrates that mean nuclear volume (MNV) of tumor cells strongly correlates to the progression stage and/or prognosis in many human cancer types (e.g., [112][113][114][115][116][117][118]). The difference of MNV can be quite significant; e.g., MNV is 77 and 292 µm 3 for normal bladder epithelial cells and bladder carcinoma in situ, respectively [112].…”

Section: Additional Nf-κb Signaling By Genotoxic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear initiated NF-κB signaling: NEMO and ATM take center stage

2010

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A large body of literature describes elaborate NF-κB signaling networks induced by inflammatory and immune signals. Decades of research has revealed that transcriptionally functional NF-κB dimers are activated by two major pathways, canonical and non-canonical. Both pathways involve the release of NF-κB dimers from inactive cytoplasmic complexes to cause their nuclear translocation to modulate gene expression programs and biological responses. NF-κB is also responsive to genotoxic agents; however, signal communication networks that are initiated in the nucleus following DNA damage induction are less defined. Evidence in the literature supports the presence of such signaling pathways induced by multiple distinct genotoxic agents, resulting in the activation of cytoplasmic IKK complex. An example is a pathway that involves the DNA damage-responsive kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and a series of post-translational modifications of NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) in the nucleus of a genotoxinexposed cell. Recent evidence also suggests that this nuclear-initiated NF-κB signaling pathway plays significant physiological and pathological roles, particularly in lymphocyte development and human cancer progression. This review will summarize these new developments, while identifying significant unanswered questions and providing new hypotheses that may be addressed in future studies.

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