Mean platelet volume: a potential biomarker of the risk and prognosis of heart disease

Abstract

Platelets are essential for progression of atherosclerotic lesions, plaque destabilization, and thrombosis. They secrete and express many substances that are crucial mediators of coagulation, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a precise measure of platelet size, and is routinely reported during complete blood count analysis. Emerging evidence supports the use of MPV as a biomarker predicting the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, and as a guide for prescription of anticoagulation and rhythm-control therapy. In addition, MPV may predict the clinical outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary artery disease and indicate whether additional adjunctive therapy is needed to improve clinical outcomes. This review focuses on the current evidence that MPV may be a biomarker of the risk and prognosis of common heart diseases, particularly atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease treated via PCI.

Role of increased mean platelet volume (MPV) and decreased MPV/platelet count ratio as poor prognostic factors in lung cancer

“…[3][4][5] Anatomical, clinical, and sociodemographic characteristics conventionally used as prognostic factors include phase, performance status, gender, age, and histological type. [6][7][8][9] MPV and platelet count are been increasingly used to predict disease outcomes, especially for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. [3][4][5] However, the usefulness of any of these factors as an independent prognostic factor is not yet certain.…”

“…Other studies focused on different biological (increased serum level of lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], hypercalcemia, increased serum level of alkaline phosphatase, leukocytosis, and neutrophilia), patient (weight loss, smoking habit, comorbidity, and ethnical characteristics), and tumor characteristics (histological grade, number of metastasis areas, local invasion, malignant pleural effusion, and localization of primary tumor) as potential prognostic factors. [6][7][8][9] In this study, we aimed to determination whether mean thrombocyte volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet count ratio have a prognostic significance in advanced NSCLC or not. 4,5 More recent studies have also used molecular, genetic, and treatment characteristics as prognostic factors due to their predictive values.…”

Stroke or left atrial thrombus prediction using antithrombin III and mean platelet volume in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

“…Bigger platelets are metabolically and enzymatically more active and have greater prothrombotic potential. In addition, evidence demonstrates that MPV is an independent predictor of the risk of stroke among individuals with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks and AF …”

“…In addition, evidence demonstrates that MPV is an independent predictor of the risk of stroke among individuals with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks and AF. [6][7][8] Antithrombin-III (AT-III) is a naturally occurring anticoagulant protein that plays a key role in controlling thrombus development and spread. 9 AT-III is produced by the endothelium of blood vessels and in the liver, which have linking sites for heparin and thrombin.…”

Mean platelet volume as diagnostic and therapeutic marker of risk and prognosis of heart disease

“…10 Diverse studies have centered on the role of MPV in predicting cardiovascular events, prediction of clinical outcome of patients undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy.…”