Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Volume Distribution Width in Canine Parvoviral Enteritis

Abstract

Bacterial translocation from the damaged intestinal tract, reported in canine parvoviral (CPV) enteritis, is thought to be responsible for the systemic inflammatory response resulting from coliform septicemia, which could ultimately progress to septic shock and death. Alterations in platelet indices, specifically mean platelet volume (MPV), is a consistent finding in critically ill people and dogs with and without sepsis. Increased MPV has been reported to be an indirect indicator of platelet activation and of bone marrow response in people and dogs with sepsis. The study aim was to compare admission MPV and platelet volume distribution width (PVDW) in dogs with CPV enteritis to that of healthy aged-matched control dogs. Forty-eight dogs with CPV enteritis and 18 healthy age matched control dogs were included. CPV infection was confirmed with electron microscopy and concurrent blood-borne infections were excluded using PCR. EDTA whole blood samples were analyzed on an automated cell counter, ADVIA 2120, within 30-60 min from collection. There was no significant difference for platelet count between the groups. The MPV for CPV infected dogs (median: 14.0; IQR: 12.2–15.1) was significantly higher compared to controls (11.3; IQR: 10.3–13.1, P = 0.002). The PVDW for CPV infected dogs (66.9; IQR: 64.2–68.8) was significantly higher compared to controls (63.3; IQR: 60.2–65.1, P < 0.001). These findings suggest that significant platelet activation is present in dogs with CPV enteritis which may play a role in the disease outcome, similar to people with sepsis. Further studies are required to investigate the prognosticating ability of MPV in dogs with CPV enteritis.

Serum cobalamin concentrations in dogs infected with canine parvoviral enteritis

“…This project was part of a prospective study that used samples from 3 other studies, [26][27][28] Forty-five client-owned dogs that presented to the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital that were diagnosed with CPV enteritis were included in the study. A control group of 17 clinically healthy dogs that presented for routine vaccination or elective surgical procedures, such as orchidectomy or ovariohysterectomy, was also used.…”

Prognostic factors associated with survival and hospitalization time in pediatric canine patients diagnosed with presumptive acute viral gastroenteritis

“…However, this significance was lost in the multivariate analysis model. It should be noted that although they have not been studied in the present work, other laboratory parameters appear to be related to the course and prognosis of the disease, such as hematocrit [17] and mean platelet volume and platelet volume distribution [19], as recently published. Further studies will be needed to assess these potential prognostic associations.…”

Hematological Studies of an Ayurvedic Medicine “Vata Gajendra Singha” Used in Rheumatoid Arthritis After Chronic Administration to Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

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