Mean skeletal dose factors for beta-particle emitters in human bone. Part I: volume-seeking radionuclides

Abstract

Based on calculations by Whitwell and Spiers, mean skeletal dose factors for beta-particle emitters have been derived for application to dosimetry in nuclear medicine, radiobiology and radiation protection. The dose factors apply to bone-seeking radionuclides that are depostited more or less uniformly throughout the human mineralized skeleton and are defined as: (1) vDM/DB, the mean dose to the haemopoietic marrow in trabecular bone as a fraction of the "dose to bone", DB; (2) vDs/DB, the mean dose to endosteal (osteogenic) tissue lying in a zone 0--10 micron from trabecular surfaces, also as a fraction of the dose DB. Dose factors are given for three ages, 1.7, 9 and 44 years and for eight radionuclides, ranging in mean beta-particle energy from 0.05 MeV (14C) to 0.93 MeV (90Y). Dose factors, calculated for a single lumbar vertebra of an infant aged 3.5 weeks, enable approximate values of mean skeletal dose factors to be estimated for ages less than 1.7 years. Limited data are also reported on dose factors for the femoral cortex from subjects aged 9 and 50 years.

Internal radiotherapy of painful bone metastases

“…calcium, strontium, radium, and barium) are considered traditionally to be volume-seeker, and are readily absorbed in the bone regions where active mineralization is occurring [103,104].…”

Photoelectron Enhancement of the Absorbed Dose from X Rays to Human Bone Marrow: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

“…The method of obtaining an average for the percentage excess dose to the whole skeletal red marrow was the same as that used previously for /^-particles (Spiers et al, 1978). Trabeculation in bones or groups of bones containing marrow was represented by one bone or a combination of the bones in Table IV, and the excess dose data were then weighted by the fractions of red marrow present in each group.…”

“…Trabeculation in bones or groups of bones containing marrow was represented by one bone or a combination of the bones in Table IV, and the excess dose data were then weighted by the fractions of red marrow present in each group. The data used are those given in Table I of the publication by Spiers et al (1978). The results are given in the last entry in Table IV and are shown graphically for the three ages in Fig.…”

Depth‐dependent concentrations of hematopoietic stem cells in the adult skeleton: Implications for active marrow dosimetry

“…Presently, two general classes of computational models exist for the assessment of radiation dose to active bone marrow: 1D pathlength‐based models and 3D image‐based models. The foundation of pathlength‐based models originated from the studies of Frederick Spiers and the Bone Dosimetry Research Unit at the University of Leeds in the 1960s to early 1980s . Their work completed studies of a 44‐yr‐old adult male cadaver in which seven bone sites were imaged using contact radiographs.…”