Meaning, religious/spiritual struggles, and well-being

Stauner, Nick; Exline, Julie J.; Wilt, Joshua

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817204-9.00021-4

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Drawing from research on individuals identifying as gay or lesbian (Stauner et al, submitted), participants with some God belief read, “In relation to your current gender identity: Do you believe that God (or a god)…,” followed by 10 items rated from 1 ( not at all/does not apply ) to 5 ( totally ). Because these were new items in their application to the TGNC context, we did a factor analysis (maximum likelihood rotation; direct oblimin rotation) to examine the structure and consolidate items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have pinpointed ways in which religious communities can create stress for LGB individuals via negative attitudes (Whitley, 2009), stigma (Pingel & Bauermeister, 2018), and pressures toward conversion therapy (Dehlin et al, 2015; Przeworski et al, 2020). Other sources of r/s struggle around sexual orientation can include clashes between r/s and sexual identities (Buchanan et al, 2001; Love et al, 2005), perceived disapproval by God (Stauner et al, submitted), and questions about demonic influence (Schuck & Liddle, 2001, p. 70). Overall, studies suggest substantial potential for inner and external conflicts around religion for people with nonheteronormative sexual orientations (see Hamblin & Gross, 2014, for a review).…”

Section: Conceptual Background: Religion Spirituality and The Lgbtq C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, studies suggest substantial potential for inner and external conflicts around religion for people with nonheteronormative sexual orientations (see Hamblin & Gross, 2014, for a review). Such conflicts around r/s have been linked with anxiety (Hamblin & Gross, 2013; Zarzycka et al, 2017), along with sexual identity distress and low self-esteem (Stauner et al, submitted), in LGB individuals.…”

Section: Conceptual Background: Religion Spirituality and The Lgbtq C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Religious and spiritual struggles among transgender and gender-nonconforming adults.

Exline¹,

Przeworski²,

Peterson³

et al. 2021

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

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What struggles do transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals report around religion and spirituality (r/s), and what types of r/s beliefs, experiences with religion, and gender-identity-related factors make such struggles more likely? Our sample (N = 315) came from a larger online study in which we contacted over 700 sources (websites, email lists, and social media) to recruit TGNC adults, mostly from North America and Western Europe. Participants (most identifying as Caucasian) endorsed a diverse range of gender identities (e.g., transgender, nonbinary, genderqueer, gender fluid, agender, and gender nonconforming). About half reported some past rejection by religious communities. The majority (58%) had exited traditional monotheistic religions (especially Christianity) or were never religious (24.6%), with many now identifying as atheist, agnostic, or nonreligious and others choosing personal spiritual paths or Earth-spirited faiths (Wicca or paganism). Participants generally reported modest levels of r/s struggle. Interpersonal struggles were most prominent, followed by ultimate meaning, doubt, moral, divine, and demonic, respectively. In a regression analysis, rejection by religious communities, God's perceived disapproval of one's gender identity, seeing God as causing one's gender identity, and internalized transphobia all uniquely predicted more r/s struggle, even when controlling religiousness, gender minority stress (distal and proximal), self-esteem, and trait resilience. In other regressions, r/s struggle (especially ultimate meaning) predicted more proximal gender minority stress (transphobia, nondisclosure, and negative expectations), even when controlling distal gender minority stress (nonaffirmation and history of discrimination/rejection/victimization), religiousness, self-esteem, and trait resilience. We suggest that r/s struggles warrant closer examination in research and clinical work with TGNC individuals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptual Background: Religion Spirituality and The Lgbtq C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptual Background: Religion Spirituality and The Lgbtq C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Religious and spiritual struggles among transgender and gender-nonconforming adults.

Exline¹,

Przeworski²,

Peterson³

et al. 2021

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…From this perspective, r/s struggles represent turning points or forks in the road during r/s development, capable of resulting in growth and/or decline. An emerging body of work supports this view, showing that person characteristics and adaptation strategies predict mental and spiritual trajectories in response to r/s struggles (for a review, see Stauner et al 2020). For example, regarding person characteristics, religiousness has emerged as a particularly consistent predictor of positive mental and spiritual outcomes of r/s struggle (Wilt et al 2017b(Wilt et al , 2016Exline et al 2017).…”

Section: Religious/spiritual Strugglesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Open-Ended and Closed-Ended Measures of Religious/Spiritual Struggles: A Mixed-Methods Study

et al. 2020

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Religious and spiritual struggles are typically assessed by self-report scales using closed-ended items, yet nascent research suggests that using open-ended interviews and prompts may complement and advance assessment and theories. In the current mixed-methods study, undergraduate participants (N = 976) completed open-ended descriptions of their religious and spiritual struggles, the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale (RSS), and a quantitative measure of religious belief salience. Qualitative description showed that the themes emerging from open-ended descriptions generally fell within the broad domains of the RSS though some descriptions reflected more contextualized struggles. Scores derived from the open-ended responses to assess RSS domains achieved evidence of reliability, and quantitative correlational analyses provided support for convergent and discriminant validity with the RSS. Correlations revealed a mix of similar and divergent associations between methods of assessing religious and spiritual struggles and religious belief salience. Open-ended descriptions of religious and spiritual struggles may yield reliable and valid information that is related to but distinct from assessments relying on closed-ended items.

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“…From this perspective, r/s struggles represent turning points or forks in the road during r/s development, capable of resulting in growth and/or decline. An emerging body of work supports this view, showing that person characteristics and adaptation strategies predict mental and spiritual trajectories in response to r/s struggles (for a review, see Stauner, Exline, and Wilt 2020). For example, regarding person characteristics, religiousness has emerged as a particularly consistent predictor of positive mental and spiritual outcomes of r/s struggle Wilt et al 2016;Exline et al 2017).…”

Section: Religious/spiritual Strugglesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Open-Ended Descriptions of Religious/Spiritual Struggles: Salient Themes and Associations with the Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale and Religiousness

Takahashi¹,

Jeong²,

Exline³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Religious and spiritual struggles are typically assessed by self-report scales using closed-ended items, yet nascent research suggests that using open-ended items may complement and advance assessment. In the current study, undergraduate participants (N = 976) completed open-ended descriptions of their religious and spiritual struggles, the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale (RSS), and a standardized measures of religious belief salience. Qualitative coding showed that the themes emerging from open-ended descriptions generally fell within the broad domains of the RSS though some descriptions reflected more contextualized struggles. Scores derived from the open-ended responses to assess RSS domains achieved evidence of reliability as well as convergent and discriminant validity with the RSS . Correlations revealed a mix of similar and divergent associations between methods of assessing religious and spiritual struggles and religious belief salience. Open-ended descriptions of religious and spiritual struggles may yield reliable and valid information that is related to but distinct from assessments relying on closed-ended items.

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Meaning, religious/spiritual struggles, and well-being

Cited by 18 publications

References 76 publications

Religious and spiritual struggles among transgender and gender-nonconforming adults.

Religious and spiritual struggles among transgender and gender-nonconforming adults.

Open-Ended and Closed-Ended Measures of Religious/Spiritual Struggles: A Mixed-Methods Study

Open-Ended Descriptions of Religious/Spiritual Struggles: Salient Themes and Associations with the Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale and Religiousness

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