Measles associated hepatobiliary disease: An overview

Abstract

In this report the literature on all cases of documented measles with hepatobiliary disease was reviewed to describe the characteristics of measles associated hepatitis. We found 27 patients described. Their age ranged from 9 to 59 years. Male to female ratio excluding military facilities was 1:1. The clinical and laboratory presentation appeared to follow one of two patterns. The first was suggestive of hepatocellular dysfunction characterized by aminotransferase elevation. It was encountered in 24/27 cases, seven of them with atypical measles. This form of liver disease tended to be asymptomatic. It appeared early and resolved in a few days. The second pattern was characterized by cholestasis and jaundice. It was described in three cases. This type of hepatitis became apparent when measles began to recede and persisted for two weeks or longer. The variation in time of appearance of the two types of liver disease may imply distinct pathogenetic mechanisms.

Clinicopathological Study on Liver Dysfunction in Measles.

“…Hepatocellular dysfunction is much more frequent (4). Overtjaundice is very uncommon and has been reported only in a few cases (4,7,13,14). Also, in our cases,jaundice was not observed.…”

“…He reported a 29-year-old woman with measles who had an elevation ofAST with the development of rash, and also pointed out the manyclinical similarities between measles, infectious mononucleosis and hepatitis A. Since then hepatitis in measles has been often reported in the European and American literature (1)(2)(3)(4). It occurs more frequently in adolescents and young adults (5,7,13).…”

“…Several complications have been described in measles, including respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, otitis media, ileocolitis, myocarditis, encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (1). Hepatitis in measles is reported commonly in the European and American literature (1)(2)(3)(4). Liver dysfunction has occurred frequently in young adults (3)(4)(5)(6)(7).…”

“…Hepatitis in measles is reported commonly in the European and American literature (1)(2)(3)(4). Liver dysfunction has occurred frequently in young adults (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). However, such cases in Japan are relatively rare (6,8,9).…”

O Measles-Associated Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis

“…Although measles has been often associated with hepatitis [4][5][6], this is to our knowledge, the first case of measles-related AAC.…”