Measles in India: Challenges &amp; recent developments

Shrivastava, Saurabh RamBihariLal; Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh; Ramasamy, Jegadeesh

doi:10.3402/iee.v5.27784

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…); remote and difficult-toreach areas; inadequate infrastructure, human resource, and communication; issues of vaccine storage, transport, and cold chains; almost non-existing surveillance activities for reporting of adverse events following immunization and inadequate and late outbreak response. 16 Vaccination coverage varies considerably from state to state, with the lowest rates in India's large central states. Differences in uptake are geographical, regional, rural-urban, poor-rich and gender-related.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreaks of measles in Rajasthan in 2014: a cross sectional epidemiological investigation

Singh¹,

Garg²

2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: In India, although the measles vaccine is available across the country up to village level, but still India is struggling with mortality and morbidity associated with Measles and its outbreaks. Investigations in measles outbreak help to know the determinants behind it and thus prevent further outbreaks. The outbreaks of measles in Rajasthan were investigated in 2014 by analyzing various socio-demographic parameters. Objective: To assess the epidemiological profile of measles outbreak in Rajasthan in 2014.Methods: The data of the measles surveillance project of Rajasthan was used for analysis. This is an analytical, cross sectional study where 10 districts of Rajasthan having confirmed measles outbreak in 2014 were included. A total of 353 laboratory plus epidemiologically linked measles cases were considered. Statistical analysis: Percentages, proportions and Chi square test were applied. Results: Out of the 23 suspected measles outbreaks subjected for confirmatory laboratory investigation, majority i.e. 14 (60.8%) were found to be of measles. Out of these 14 outbreaks, 353 cases were of measles (Laboratory confirmed + epidemiologically confirmed). Maximum numbers (around 50%) of cases were from the age group 1-4 years. Only 108 (30.6%) cases were vaccinated for measles vaccine. Girl children contributed to about 60 % of the total measles cases. Almost 2/3rd (66.9%) cases were in Muslim families. Conclusions: There was clustering of measles cases in few of the districts adjacent to each other. Measles vaccination coverage in few pockets was poor in outbreak districts. There is a need to boost up measles vaccination coverage with special attention to high risks areas like urban slums etc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreaks of measles in Rajasthan in 2014: a cross sectional epidemiological investigation

Singh¹,

Garg²

2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…first-dose coverage for the measles vaccine must be 90% at the national level and 80% for each district); intensive surveillance activities supported by adequate laboratory support (outbreak and case-based surveillance assisted by laboratories to ensure serological/ virological categorization); appropriate case management (including administration of vitamin A); and implementation of catch-up measles vaccination campaigns for children aged 9 months to 10 years in states with 80% evaluated coverage with the first dose of measles vaccine. 4 As per Coverage Evaluation Survey (2009) measles vaccination coverage in India is 74.1%. 5 As per Annual health Survey 2012-2013 it is 85.5 % in MP and 87.4 % in Bhopal district.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of measles immunization coverage in rural area of central India using WHO EPI 30 cluster survey method

Meena

Saxena

Bankwar

et al. 2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Measles is one of the most infectious diseases known to humankind and an important cause of death and disability among children worldwide. In 2010, the World Health Assembly set milestones towards global measles eradication, to be reached by 2015. One of the milestones is to Increase in routine coverage with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) for children aged 1 year to ≥90% nationally and ≥80% in every district.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in rural area of Bhopal district, central India from September 2014 to November 2014. The WHO EPI 30-cluster survey methodology was used as sampling method. A pre designed and pre tested questionnaire was used to collect information on immunization coverage. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel and was analyzed by using EPI Info version 7.Results: The mean age of study subjects was 17.7 months with SD of 3.64. Out of total 210 subjects 57.2% were boys and 42.8 % were girls. Our study findings suggest that 92% of the children were vaccinated for MCV1 vaccine and 8 % were not received MCV1 vaccine. The association of place of delivery with MCV1 vaccination status was found statistically significant (P <0.001).Conclusions: We found high measles vaccination coverage in the field practice area as compared to other surveys. Main reasons found behind noncompliance were unawareness about Universal Immunization programme, lack of information about Measles and its complications, away from home on the session day, long distance of session site from home.

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“…[ 1 ] Both measles and rubella are major public health concerns and account for a significant socioeconomic burden on the families in particular and the community in general. [ 2 ] In India, more than 2.5 million children acquire measles infection, while close to 49,000 infected children die each year, which in itself accounts for 37% of the disease-specific deaths worldwide. [ 1 ] Further, rubella infection leads to the development of birth defects in almost 40,000 children annually in the nation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Even though due to the constant efforts of the health workers, expansion of the immunization activities (like an increase in the coverage of the first dose of measles vaccine or the introduction of a second dose of vaccine in routine immunization schedule since 2010), and because of the strengthening of the surveillance activities, a 51% fall has been observed in the measles-specific mortality rates between 2000 and 2015, yet a lot needs to be done. [ 1 2 3 ]…”

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confidence: 99%