Measles transmission during commercial air travel in Brazil

Barros, Fernando R. de Moraes; Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina; Toscano, Cristiana M.; SEGATTO, T.; Vicari, Andrea; Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2006.04.001

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Transmission via aerosols could also occur during the period between when the cabin door closes and take-off. Our model is not applicable to other aerosol-transmitted diseases, such as tuberculosis ( 18 ), varicella, and measles ( 19 ). Our model assumes omnidirectional transmission and does not take into account seat backs as barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviors, movements, and transmission of droplet-mediated respiratory diseases during transcontinental airline flights

Hertzberg

Weiss

Elon

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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SignificanceWith over 3 billion airline passengers annually, the inflight transmission of infectious diseases is an important global health concern. Over a dozen cases of inflight transmission of serious infections have been documented, and air travel can serve as a conduit for the rapid spread of newly emerging infections and pandemics. Despite sensational media stories, risks of transmission of respiratory viruses in an airplane cabin are unknown. Movements of passengers and crew may facilitate disease transmission. On 10 transcontinental US flights, we chronicled behaviors and movements of individuals in the economy cabin on single-aisle aircraft. We simulated transmission during flight based on these data. This data-driven, dynamic network transmission model of droplet-mediated respiratory disease is unique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviors, movements, and transmission of droplet-mediated respiratory diseases during transcontinental airline flights

Hertzberg

Weiss

Elon

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…However, transmission has been reported on short duration flights 8 , 9 . In addition, although not stated, it could be assumed that flights from the Netherlands to England, 14 Venezuela to Miami, USA, 17 within Brazil 7 and within the US 16 would be less than 8 hours. A recent literature review 13 concluded that “flight duration is not an important factor”.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were no reports of measles transmission on aeroplanes in Australia in the decade before development of these guidelines, 5 which were informed by evidence from the United States that secondary transmission on aeroplanes was rare and probably related to seating proximity 6 . However, since the guidelines were published, there have been multiple reports of measles transmission to passengers sitting further than two rows from the index case 3 , 7 . ‐ 9 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of measles transmission on aeroplanes: Australian experience 2007–2011

Hoad

O’Connor

Langley

et al. 2013

Medical Journal of Australia

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Despite secondary measles transmission occurring on 19% of international flights carrying infectious people, risk was not clearly related to seating proximity, and contact tracing was ineffective, especially given delays in diagnosis, notification and accessing flight manifests. We recommend that direct contact tracing to identify susceptible people exposed to people infected with measles on aeroplane flights should not be undertaken routinely, and other strategies should be considered.

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“…Contact tracing of individuals seated two rows on either side of an infectious case, as recommended in Australian 4 and American guidelines (personal communication: K Marienau, CDC, 22 April 2011), increasingly appears inconsistent with empiric findings from this and other recent episodes of transmission. 8,25,26 The general approach in public health guidelines is to follow up all people who have shared the same air space as an infectious case for even relatively short time periods, sometimes including exposures after the case has left a room. 13,27 Aircraft passengers also have multiple opportunities for exposure: for example, it seems possible that case 4, seated 16 rows from the index case could have been exposed while queuing for the toilets (Figure 2), if not while boarding or disembarking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact tracing of in-flight measles exposures: lessons from an outbreak investigation and case series, Australia, 2010

Beard¹,

Franklin²,

Donohue³

et al. 2011

WPSAR

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Review of current contact tracing guidelines following in-flight exposure to an infectious measles case is required. Alternative strategies could include expanding routine contact tracing beyond the two rows on either side of the case's row or expansion on a case-by-case basis depending on cabin layout and case and contact movements in flight. Releasing information about the incident by press release or providing generic information to everyone on the flight using e-mail or text messaging information obtained from the relevant airline, may also be worthy of consideration. Disease importation, inadequately vaccinated young adults and health care-related transmission remain challenges for measles control in an elimination era.

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Measles transmission during commercial air travel in Brazil

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Behaviors, movements, and transmission of droplet-mediated respiratory diseases during transcontinental airline flights

Behaviors, movements, and transmission of droplet-mediated respiratory diseases during transcontinental airline flights

Risk of measles transmission on aeroplanes: Australian experience 2007–2011

Contact tracing of in-flight measles exposures: lessons from an outbreak investigation and case series, Australia, 2010

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