Enhancing a microscopy mineral image to produce clear and rich details is important for mineral analysis. To enhance effectively, an algorithm utilizing the constructed center operator is proposed in this paper. First, the center operator is constructed from the opening and closing based toggle operator. Second, the mineral image features are extracted by using the constructed center operator. Third, the multiscale mineral features are extracted through multiscale morphological theory using the multiscale structuring elements. Fourth, the final features for mineral image enhancement are calculated from the extracted multiscale features based on the weight strategy. Finally, the mineral image is effectively enhanced through importing the final features into the original mineral image. Experimental results on various microscopy mineral images verified that the proposed algorithm performed well for enhancement and had competing performance compared with some existing algorithms.