Measured and calculated radionuclide production from copper, gold, and lead spallation targets

Experimental study of the residual activity induced by 950MeV/u uranium ions in stainless steel and copper

“…That is why our studies have been focused on experimental determination of residual activity in the most common construction materials (stainless steel and copper) as well as on identification of the induced isotopes with dominating contribution to the residual activity. Simulation codes like FLUKA [2][3][4][5], GEANT [6,7], SHIELD [8,9], MCNPX [10], LAHET [11], PHITS [12,13] etc. can also be used for this purpose, but it is always necessary to verify validity of physical models and data-libraries implemented in those codes by experiments.…”

Spallation cross sections for natFe and natCu targets for 120 GeV/c protons and pions

“…After evaporation the final nucleus (spallation product) may be radioactive and decay by γ emission [1]. An accurate knowledge of the spallation product inventory within a target is important for many applications: disposal of material, operation, maintenance, safety and decay heat analysis for neutron spallation sources [2], activation issues in high-energy particle accelerators [3], and benchmarking of Monte Carlo codes [4]. The knowledge of the reaction cross section for a spallation product is therefore fundamental.…”